References

Lee W, Song G, Bae H (2022) Laminarin attenuates ros-mediated cell migration and invasiveness through mitochondrial dysfunction in pancreatic cancer cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 11(9):1714. doi: 10.3390/antiox11091714 PMID: 36139787

Objective: To determine the effects of laminarin on pancreatic cancer.

Summary: Laminarin showed synergistic effects when combined with 5-FU, a standard anticancer agent for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) with potential as a treatment for PDAC.

Usage: Lund et al. work on 5-FU resistant EMT-like pancreatic cancer cells are hypersensitive to photochemical internalization of the novel endoglin-targeting immunotoxin Anti-CD105-SAP.

Related Products: Anti-CD105-SAP (Cat. #IT-80)

See Also:

• Lund K et al. 5-FU resistant EMT-like pancreatic cancer cells are hypersensitive to photochemical internalization of the novel endoglin-targeting immunotoxin CD105-saporin. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 36(1):185, 2017.

Madrid LI, Bandhavkar S, Hafey K, Jimenez-Martin J, Milne M, Coulson EJ, Jhaveri DJ (2022) Stimulation of the muscarinic receptor M4 activates quiescent neural precursor cells and ameliorates medial septum cholinergic lesion-induced impairments in adult hippocampal neurogenesis. bioRxiv 2022.08.25.505357. doi: 10.1101/2022.08.25.505357

Objective: To investigate the contribution of basal forebrain medial septum (MS) and diagonal band of Broca (DBB) cholinergic neurons that innervate the hippocampus and the identity of the cholinergic receptor(s) that regulate the production and maturation of new neurons.

Summary: This work reveals stage-specific roles of cholinergic signaling in regulating functionally relevant adult hippocampal neurogenesis.

Usage: Medial septum cholinergic lesion was achieved by infusion of mu p75-SAP (0.4 µg/µl). Rabbit IgG-SAP (0.4 µg/µl) was used as control.

Related Products: mu p75-SAP (Cat. #IT-16), Rabbit IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-35)

Imado E, Sun S, Abawa AR, Tahara T, Kochi T, Huynh TNB, Asano S, Hasebe S, Nakamura Y, Hisaoka-Nakashima K, Kotake Y, Irifune M, Tsuga K, Takuma K, Morioka N, Kiguchi N, Ago Y (2022) Prenatal exposure to valproic acid causes allodynia associated with spinal microglial activation. Neurochem Int 160:105415. doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105415

Objective: To further understand the mechanism underlying sensory phenotypes in autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Summary: The authors investigated the age-dependent tactile sensitivity in an animal model of ASD induced by prenatal exposure to valproic acid and subsequently assessed the involvement of microglia in the spinal cord in pain processing.

Usage: To deplete microglia in the spinal cord, Mac-1-SAP (11.2 μg/5.5 μl) was injected intrathecally at the level of L4–L5 in adult (8-week-old) mice.

Related Products: Mac-1-SAP mouse/human (Cat. #IT-06)

Ardini M, Vago R, Fabbrini MS, Ippoliti R (2022) From immunotoxins to suicide toxin delivery approaches: Is there a clinical opportunity?. Toxins (Basel) 14(9):579. doi: 10.3390/toxins14090579 PMID: 36136517

Objective: To give an overview describing some of the bacterial and plant enzymes studied so far for their delivery and controlled expression in tumor models.

Summary: “Suicide gene” therapy (SGT), consists of the selective delivery of genes coding for toxic proteins, into target cancer cells. This new and promising approach may overcome some of the issues related to the use of chemical agents (chemotherapy) such as as specificity, high dosages with accompanying side effects, and chemoresistance induction.

Ardini M, Vago R, Fabbrini MS, Ippoliti R (2022) From immunotoxins to suicide toxin delivery approaches: Is there a clinical opportunity?. Toxins (Basel) 14(9):579. doi: 10.3390/toxins14090579 PMID: 36136517

Objective: To give an overview describing some of the bacterial and plant enzymes studied so far for their delivery and controlled expression in tumor models.

Summary: “Suicide gene” therapy (SGT), consists of the selective delivery of genes coding for toxic proteins, into target cancer cells. This new and promising approach may overcome some of the issues related to the use of chemical agents (chemotherapy) such as as specificity, high dosages with accompanying side effects, and chemoresistance induction.

Cleverdon REG, Braun JL, Geromella MS, Whitley KC, Marko DM, Hamstra SI, Roy BD, MacPherson REK, Fajardo VA (2022) Sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase function is impaired in skeletal and cardiac muscles from young DBA/2J mdx mice. iScience 25(9):104972. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104972 PMID: 36093052

Objective: To investigate whether sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) function would differ in muscles from young D2 and C57 mdx mice.

Summary: The study demonstrates that SERCA function is drastically impaired in young D2 mdx mice.

Usage: Western blot

Related Products: NO-L-Cysteine Mouse Monoclonal, Conjugated (Cat. #AB-T125)

Cao S, Wang Z, Xing L, Zhou L, Zhang W (2022) Bovine bone gelatin-derived peptides: Food processing characteristics and evaluation of antihypertensive and antihyperlipidemic activities. J Agric Food Chem 70(32):9877-9887. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02982 PMID: 35917452

Objective: To evaluate the food processing properties of bovine bone gelatin-derived peptides (BGPs) and their effects and mechanisms on hypertension and hypertension complications in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Summary: BGPs could alleviate hypertension and dyslipidemia in SHRs by inhibiting ACE/Ang II/AT1R and activating the Ang II/AT2R signaling pathway.

Usage: Angiotensin II receptor (AT-2R) Rabbit Polyclonal, affinity-purified

Related Products: Angiotensin II receptor (AT-2R) Rabbit Polyclonal, affinity-purified (Cat. #AB-N28AP)

Goodyer WR, Beyersdorf BM, Duan L, van den Berg NS, Mantri S, Galdos FX, Puluca N, Buikema JW, Lee S, Salmi D, Robinson ER, Rogalla S, Cogan DP, Khosla C, Rosenthal EL, Wu SM (2022) In vivo visualization and molecular targeting of the cardiac conduction system. J Clin Invest e156955. doi: 10.1172/jci156955

Objective: To engineer targeted antibody conjugates directed against the cardiac conduction system (CCS) to allow visualization of the CCS in vivo.

Summary: Accidental injury to the CCS, a specialized set of cells embedded within the heart and indistinguishable from the surrounding heart muscle tissue, is a major complication in cardiac surgeries. They generated a fully human monoclonal Fab (hCNTN2) that targets the CCS with high specificity.

Usage: Streptavidin-ZAP was reacted with biotinylated hCNTN2 Fab to create hCNTN2-SAP. 100 ug of either hCNTN2-SAP and control-SAP were injected into wild-type mice with a single tail-vein injection and hearts were harvested after 2 days.

Related Products: Streptavidin-ZAP (Cat. #IT-27)

Llorente-Ovejero A, Bengoetxea de Tena I, Martínez-Gardeazabal J, Moreno-Rodríguez M, Lombardero L, Manuel I, Rodríguez-Puertas R (2022) Cannabinoid receptors and glial response following a basal forebrain cholinergic lesion. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 5(9):791-802. doi: 10.1021/acsptsci.2c00069 PMID: 36110372

Objective: The endocannabinoid system is involved in the control of learning, memory, and neuroinflammatory processes and plays a role in neurodegeneration, such as in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The objective was to study the roles of cannabinoid receptors in the regulation of neuroinflammation.

Summary: Selective agonists and antagonists to the cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2 were studied for their binding to G-proteins after specific lesioning of the basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BCFN) using 192-IgG-SAP. These neurons are the same cholinergic pathways that are lost in the early stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In their study, an increase of microglia immunoreactivities (GFAP and Iba-1) and decrease of astrocyte immunoreactivities were seen which indicate microglia-mediated neuroinflammation. In cortical BFCN projection areas, CB1 receptor binding to Gi/o-proteins was upregulated and at the injection site, the area that showed the highest increase of microglia, only slight CB2 binding to Gi/o-proteins were detected. Dose: Rats received 135 ng/μLof 192IgG-saporin (1μL/hemisphere; 0.25μL/min).

Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01)

Li Y, Champion JA (2022) Self-assembling nanocarriers from engineered proteins: Design, functionalization, and application for drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 189:114462. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114462 PMID: 35934126

Objective: Review recent advances in protein nano-carriers that are from ground-up design recombinant proteins.

Summary: Nanocarriers with a size range of 10-200 nm have emerged as platforms with significant potential for efficient drug delivery via a wide variety of administration routes. To develop nanocarriers for drug delivery, the following functionalities should be achieved. Nanocarriers encapsulate drugs with high loading efficiency and maintain stability in vivo to protect drugs from degradation and prolonged in vivo circulation in blood or residence time in other tissues help improve the fraction of drug-loaded nanocarriers that reach the target site or cells. The Design functionalization, and therapeutic application of protein nanocarriers will be reviewed.

Usage: Saporin is used as the molecular cargo for Protein-Glycan Nanocarriers.

Related Products: Saporin (Cat. #PR-01)