Alpaca-ZAP (VHH) recognizes YOUR primary antibody. It is a chemical conjugate of goat anti-alpaca IgG (VHH domain) and the ribosome-inactivating protein, saporin. The antibodies used to make Alpaca-ZAP mouse are affinity-purified against the heavy chain of alpaca IgG (VHH domain). The antibody used in this product reacts with the VHH domain of heavy chain (HC) alpaca IgG, subclasses 2 and 3, and with the VHH domain of llama IgG, subclasses 2 and 3. It also reacts with whole molecule alpaca and llama IgG1.
Alpaca-ZAP (VHH) is a chemical conjugate of goat anti-alpaca IgG (VHH domain) and the ribosome-inactivating protein, saporin. It uses your mouse primary antibody to target and eliminate cells. This secondary conjugate is used to evaluate the potential of a primary antibody to internalize.
Alpaca-ZAP (VHH) is available individually (Cat. #IT-87) or as a kit (Cat. #KIT-87) which includes Alpaca-ZAP (VHH), Saporin (Cat. #PR-01), Goat IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-19) and reagents for developing a cytotoxicity assay.
Other ZAP Conjugates:
Need another ZAP Conjugate for your target? Check here for other species & targets including in vivo and in vitro options.
keywords: Alpaca Antibody, Alpaca Primary, Anti-Alpaca IgG, Alpaca IgG, Llama, Llama IgG1, VHH domain, heavy chain, Screening, ADC, Antibody Drug Conjugate, in vitro, Secondary
Evaluate Potential Targeting Molecules.
Kohls M (2006) Evaluate Potential Targeting Molecules. Nature Methods
Summary: Targeted toxins -- targeting agents conjugated to saporin -- are widely used to eliminate specific cell populations both in vitro and in vivo. For these molecules to be effective, it is vital that the targeting component of the conjugate specifically binds the cells of interest. A secondary conjugate, Streptavidin-ZAP, has been created by attaching the toxin saporin to streptavidin. The user can combine primary biotinylated material with Streptavidin-ZAP to quickly and economically screen potential targeting molecules for internalization and specificity. Once the appropriate targeting molecule is identified, a direct conjugation with saporin can be performed.
Related Products: Streptavidin-ZAP (Cat. #IT-27)
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Saporin as a commercial reagent: its uses and unexpected impacts in the biological sciences-tools from the plant kingdom
Ancheta LR, Shramm PA, Bouajram R, Higgins D, Lappi DA (2022) Saporin as a commercial reagent: its uses and unexpected impacts in the biological sciences-tools from the plant kingdom. Toxins (Basel) 14(3):184. doi: 10.3390/toxins14030184 PMID: 35324681
Summary: Saporin is a ribosome-inactivating protein that can cause inhibition of protein synthesis and causes cell death when delivered inside a cell. Development of commercial Saporin results in a technology termed ‘molecular surgery’, with Saporin as the scalpel. Its low toxicity (it has no efficient method of cell entry) and sturdy structure make Saporin a safe and simple molecule for many purposes. The most popular applications use experimental molecules that deliver Saporin via an add-on targeting molecule. These add-ons come in several forms: peptides, protein ligands, antibodies, even DNA fragments that mimic cell-binding ligands. Cells that do not express the targeted cell surface marker will not be affected. This review will highlight some newer efforts and discuss significant and unexpected impacts on science that molecular surgery has yielded over the last almost four decades. There are remarkable changes in fields such as the Neurosciences with models for Alzheimer’s Disease and epilepsy, and game-changing effects in the study of pain and itch. Many other uses are also discussed to record the wide-reaching impact of Saporin in research and drug development.
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