References

Mule SN, Manchola NC, de Oliveira GS, Pereira M, Magalhães RDM, Teixeira AA, Colli W, Alves MJM, Palmisano G (2021) Proteome-wide modulation of S-nitrosylation in Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigotes upon interaction with the host extracellular matrix. J Proteomics 231:104020. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.104020 PMID: 33096306

Objective: To map site-specific S-nitrosylated (SNO) proteins from Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigotes incubated (MTy) or not (Ty) with extracellular matrix (ECM).

Summary: The results provide the first site-specific characterization of S-nitrosylated proteins in T. cruzi and their modulation upon ECM incubation before infection of the mammalian hosts. The reduction of S-nitrosylation upon incubation with ECM, associated with a rewiring of the subcellular distribution and intracellular signaling pathways, was confirmed.

Usage: Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay (1:250)

Related Products: NO-L-Cysteine Mouse Monoclonal, Conjugated (Cat. #AB-T125)

Moschonas EH, Leary JB, Memarzadeh K, Bou-Abboud CE, Folweiler KA, Monaco CM, Bondi CO (2021) Disruption of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons after traumatic brain injury does not compromise environmental enrichment-mediated cognitive benefits. Brain Res 1751:147175. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147175

Objective: To determine if basal forebrain cholinergic neurons are important mediators of environmental enrichment (EE)-induced benefits after traumatic brain injury.

Summary: These data show that despite significant medial septal ChAT+ cell loss, the EE-mediated benefit in cognitive recovery is not compromised.

Usage: 0.22 μg/1.0 μL 192-IgG-SAP was infused over 5 min at a rate of 0.2 μL/min.

Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01)

Oti T, Satoh K, Uta D, Nagafuchi J, Tateishi S, Ueda R, Takanami K, Young LJ, Galione A, Morris JF, Sakamoto T, Sakamoto H (2021) Oxytocin influences male sexual activity via non-synaptic axonal release in the spinal cord. Curr Biol 31(1):103-114.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.09.089

Summary: Oxytocin directly activates SEG (Spinal Ejaculation Generator)/GRP (Gastrin-Releasing Peptide) neurons via OXTRs (Oxytocin Receptors) and influences male sexual function in the rat lumbar spinal cord.

Usage: Oxytocin-SAP (4 or 40 ng) was infused slowly into the L3 and L4 spinal cord. Blank-SAP was used as control.

Related Products: Oxytocin-SAP (Cat. #IT-46), Blank-SAP (Cat. #IT-21)

Wang CH, Pandey S, Sivalingam K, Shibu MA, Kuo WW, Yu-LanYeh, Viswanadha VP, Lin YC, Liao SC, Huang CY (2021) Leech extract: A candidate cardioprotective against hypertension-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. J Ethnopharmacol 264:113346. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113346 PMID: 32896627

Objective: To delineate the molecular mechanisms of medicinal leech extract in the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, using both in vitro and in vivo assessments.

Summary: Pre-treatment with leech extract significantly reduced angiotensin II (ANG II)-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis.

Usage: Western blot; PVDF membranes were incubated with Anti-AT-1R.

Related Products: Angiotensin II receptor (AT-1R) Rabbit Polyclonal, affinity-purified (Cat. #AB-N27AP)

Nizari S, Wells JA, Carare RO, Romero IA, Hawkes CA (2021) Loss of cholinergic innervation differentially affects eNOS-mediated blood flow, drainage of Aβ and cerebral amyloid angiopathy in the cortex and hippocampus of adult mice. Acta Neuropathol Commun 9(1):12. doi: 10.1186/s40478-020-01108-z

Summary: In this report, icv administration of mu p75-SAP resulted in significant death of cholinergic neurons and fibres in the medial septum, cortex and hippocampus of C57BL/6 mice. This study supports the importance of the interrelationship between cholinergic innervation and vascular function in the etiology and/or progression of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and suggests that combined endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)/cholinergic therapies may improve the efficiency of Aβ removal from the brain and reduce its deposition as CAA.

Usage: mu p75-SAP (0.596 μg/μl) was injected into the left and right lateral ventricles.

Related Products: mu p75-SAP (Cat. #IT-16)

Dezawa S, Nagasaka K, Watanabe Y, Takashima I (2021) Lesions of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis (Meynert) induce enhanced somatosensory responses and tactile hypersensitivity in rats. Exp Neurol 335:113493. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113493

Summary: The authors used 192-IgG-SAP to produce a selective cholinergic lesion in the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) of rats and investigated whether the NBM lesion led to tactile hypersensitivity in the forepaw. Results suggest that neuronal loss in the NBM diminishes acetylcholine actions in the S1, thereby enhancing the cortical representation of sensory stimuli, which may in turn lead to behavioral hypersensitivity.

Usage: The lesion group received injection of 0.3 μL of 192-IgG-SAP into the left nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM).

Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01)

Puente BR (2021) Chronic pain in dogs (Dolor crónico en el perro). Zaragoza Spain: Gruppo Asis Biomedia, S. L..

Summary: The author presents a thorough overview of aspects of canine chronic pain. He includes SP-SAP (Substance P-Saporin) as an experimental drug, “its use as an adjuvant analgesic in dogs with bone cancer has been studied,”

Related Products: SP-SAP (Cat. #IT-07)

See Also:

• Brown DC et al. Intrathecal substance p-saporin in the dog: efficacy in bone cancer pain. Anesthesiology 119(5):1178-1185, 2013.

Lim I, Mitsui R, Kameda M, Sellers DJ, Chess‐Williams R, Hashitani H (2021) Comparative effects of angiotensin II on the contractility of muscularis mucosae and detrusor in the pig urinary bladder. Neurourol Urodyn 40:102-111. doi: 10.1002/nau.24548 PMID: 33074588

Objective: To explore contractile actions of angiotensin II (AT2) on the muscularis mucosae (MM) of the bladder.

Summary: The MM appears to have great sensitivity to AT2, suggesting that MM may be the predominant target of contractile actions induced by AT2 in the bladder.

Usage: Induction of contractions with Anti-AT2R (1 nM – 1 µM). Immunofluorescence (10-100 pM).

Related Products: Angiotensin II receptor (AT-2R) Rabbit Polyclonal, affinity-purified (Cat. #AB-N28AP)

Nelson TS, Taylor BK (2021) Targeting spinal neuropeptide Y1 receptor-expressing interneurons to alleviate chronic pain and itch. Prog Neurobiol 196:101894. doi: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2020.101894

Summary: Intrathecal administration of NPY-SAP reduced several operant and cognitive measures of Complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA)-induced allodynia, including responsiveness to cold temperatures, feeding interference, and an escape task, but did not interfere with systemic morphine-induced analgesia. (Wiley et al.) Similar to the spared nerve injury (SNI) model of neuropathic pain, NPY-SAP dose-dependently reduced the development of mechanical allodynia (hindpaw withdrawal response to von Frey filaments), mechanical hyperalgesia (response to blunt pin), and cold allodynia (hindpaw withdrawal response duration to acetone droplet evaporation). (Nelson et al.) Together, these directed lesion studies support the idea that the Y1-IN subpopulation of dorsal horn neurons is necessary for the maintenance of both mechanical and cold modalities of nociceptive transmission in chronic pain states.

Related Products: NPY-SAP (Cat. #IT-28)

See Also:

• Wiley RG et al. Neuropeptide Y receptor-expressing dorsal horn neurons: role in nocifensive reflex responses to heat and formalin. Neuroscience 161:139-147, 2009.
• Nelson TS et al. Facilitation of neuropathic pain by the NPY Y1 receptor-expressing subpopulation of excitatory interneurons in the dorsal horn. Sci Rep 9(1):7248, 2019.

Castiello MC, Bosticardo M, Sacchetti N, Calzoni E, Fontana E, Yamazaki Y, Draghici E, Corsino C, Bortolomai I, Sereni L, Yu HH, Uva P, Palchaudhuri R, Scadden DT, Villa A, Notarangelo LD (2021) Efficacy and safety of anti-CD45-saporin as conditioning agent for RAG deficiency. J Allergy Clin Immunol 147(1):309-320.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.04.033

Objective: To improve multi-lineage engraftment using non-genotoxic conditioning with Anti-CD45-Saporin.

Summary: Conditioning with Anti-CD45 antibody-drug conjugates may represent a novel and safe conditioning regimen for patients with RAG deficiency and other inborn errors of immunity.

Usage: Intravenous injection of Anti-CD45-SAP (3 mg/kg).

Related Products: Streptavidin-ZAP (Cat. #IT-27)