References

Laursen B, Mork A, Plath N, Kristiansen U, Bastlund JF (2013) Cholinergic degeneration is associated with increased plaque deposition and cognitive impairment in APPswe/PS1dE9 mice. Behav Brain Res 240:146-152. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2012.11.012

Summary: Extracellular plaques containing amyloid β-peptides (Aβ) and cholinergic dysfunction are two of the main hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease. Using a transgenic mouse line that displays an age-related increase in plaque deposition, the authors examined the relationship between cholinergic degeneration and Aβ overexpresssion. Mice received 0.9-μg bilateral icv injections of mu p75-SAP (Cat. #IT-16). Working memory was significantly impaired in lesioned mice with plaques, and the plaque burden was increased as compared to wild-type mice that also received a lesion.

Related Products: mu p75-SAP (Cat. #IT-16)

Sato M, Akasaka E, Saitoh I, Ohtsuka M, Nakamura S, Sakurai T, Watanabe S (2013) Targeted toxin-based selectable drug-free enrichment of Mammalian cells with high transgene expression. Biology (Basel) 2:341-355. doi: 10.3390/biology2010341

Summary: Cell transfection is a powerful tool for evaluation of function and expression of newly discovered genes as well as for both small and large scale eukaryotic expression of proteins. Most transfection strategies require a selection agent to eliminate cells that do not internalize the plasmid containing the gene of interest. Subsequent maintenance of the tranfected cells requires the presence of the selection agent, and the expression levels of the gene of interest have to be evaluated on a cell by cell basis. In this work the authors designed a system utilizing 50 μg/ml rIB4-SAP (Cat. #IT-10) to eliminate non-transfected cells and select for strong expression of the gene of interest. The data demonstrate that this technique will generate stable transfected cells that express the gene of interest at high levels.

Related Products: IB4-SAP (Cat. #IT-10)

Koch H, Zanella S, Elsen GE, Smith L, Doi A, Garcia AJr, Wei AD, Xun R, Kirsch S, Gomez CM, Hevner RF, Ramirez JM (2013) Stable respiratory activity requires both P/Q-type and N-type voltage-gated calcium channels. J Neurosci 33(8):3633-3645. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.6390-11.2013 PMID: 23426690

Summary: Pharmacological experiments have suggested that sighs and normal respiration are highly dependent on calcium currents carried by P/Q channels. Using transgenic mice missing the Cav2.1 pore-forming α1A subunit the authors demonstrate that loss of P/Q-type calcium channels results in compromised breathing, sighing, neuromodulation, and leads to early death. A neurokinin-1 receptor antibody (Cat. #AB-N33AP) at a 1:500 dilution was used for immunohistochemistry in this work.

Related Products: NK-1 Receptor Rabbit Polyclonal, affinity-purified (Cat. #AB-N33AP)

Gritton HJ, Stasiak AM, Sarter M, Lee TM (2013) Cognitive performance as a zeitgeber: cognitive oscillators and cholinergic modulation of the SCN entrain circadian rhythms. PLoS One 8(2):e56206. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056206 PMID: 23441168

Objective: To examine how attention-demanding task performance interacts with circadian mechanisms in the SCN.

Summary: The authors used site-specific injections of the 192 IgG-SAP to selectively eliminate cholinergic projections to the SCN originating from the basal forebrain, thereby testing the necessity of forebrain cholinergic neurotransmission in mediating entrainment to cognitive tasks. The findings provide a basis for the hypothesis that in vivo cholinergic signaling, modulated by cognitive demand, entrains non-SCN oscillators and promotes diurnal activity through cholinergic-SCN interactions.

Usage: Rats received 0.4 µL per hemisphere of a 200 ng/µL of 192 IgG-SAP (IT-01) suspended in artificial cerebro-spinal fluid (ACSF).

Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01)

Rust S, Guillard S, Sachsenmeier K, Hay C, Davidson M, Karlsson A, Karlsson R, Brand E, Lowne D, Elvin J, Flynn M, Kurosawa G, Hollingsworth R, Jermutus L, Minter R (2013) Combining phenotypic and proteomic approaches to identify membrane targets in a ‘triple negative’ breast cancer cell type. Mol Cancer 12:11. doi: 10.1186/1476-4598-12-11

Summary: The authors investigated a phenotypic antibody screening technique, in which antibodies are selected by function rather than target specificity. One facet of the screening procedure for hybridomas generated using a cancer cell line as antigen was the use of Mab-ZAP (Cat. #IT-04) to assess cell binding and internalization.

Related Products: Mab-ZAP (Cat. #IT-04)

Li Q, Syrovets T, Simmet T, Ding J, Xu J, Chen W, Zhu D, Gao P (2013) Plasmin induces intercellular adhesion molecule 1 expression in human endothelial cells via nuclear factor-κB/mitogen-activated protein kinases-dependent pathways. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 238(2):176-186. doi: 10.1177/1535370212473700

Summary: Intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) mediates inflammatory cell migration – an early step in atherosclerosis. The authors investigated an inflammatory cascade activated by plasmin using a variety of methods, including flow cytometry with anti-mouse IgG-FITC (Cat. #FL-07) and anti-rabbit IgG-FITC (Cat. #FL-04).

Related Products: Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG, FITC-labeled (Cat. #FL-04), Goat Anti-Mouse IgG, FITC-labeled (Cat. #FL-07)

Zheng H, Rinaman L (2013) Yohimbine anxiogenesis in the elevated plus maze requires hindbrain noradrenergic neurons that target the anterior ventrolateral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. Eur J Neurosci 37(8):1340-1349. doi: 10.1111/ejn.12123

Summary: The anterior ventrolateral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (vIBST) appears to be important for increased noradrenergic signaling to trigger anxiety-like behavior. 42.8 ng of anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03) was administered to the vIBST of rats in bilateral injections. Elimination of noradrenergic neurons in the vIBST abolished yohimbine-induced anxiogenesis in an elevated plus maze, indicating that hindbrain noradrenergic neurons targeting the vIBST are involved in this mechanism.

Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03)

Brayda-Bruno L, Mons N, Yee BK, Micheau J, Abrous DN, Nogues X, Marighetto A (2013) Partial loss in septo-hippocampal cholinergic neurons alters memory-dependent measures of brain connectivity without overt memory deficits. Neurobiol Dis 54:372-381. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2013.01.010

Summary: The authors examined whether partial degeneration of septo-hippocampal neurons alters brain activity patterns even without overt memory loss. Mice received 45 ng of mu p75-SAP (Cat. #IT-16) into the medial septal area. Lesioned animals had significantly altered functional activities in the brain, despite lack of an overt behavioral deficit. Some changes observed are also altered with the initial signs of Alzheimer’s disease.

Related Products: mu p75-SAP (Cat. #IT-16)

Torres Demichelis V, Vilcaes AA, Iglesias-Bartolome R, Ruggiero FM, Daniotti JL (2013) Targeted delivery of immunotoxin by antibody to ganglioside GD3: A novel drug delivery route for tumor cells. PLoS One 8(1):e55304. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055304

Summary: The authors used the mouse monoclonal antibody R24 against ganglioside G3 with Mab-ZAP (Cat. #IT-04) to test the viability of ganglioside G3 as a cancer therapy target. Varying concentrations of R24 were used on various cell lines with either 0.95 nM or 9.5 nM Mab-ZAP depending on the cell line.

Related Products: Mab-ZAP (Cat. #IT-04)

Read the featured article in Targeting Trends.

Ren C, Luan L, Wui-Man Lau B, Huang X, Yang J, Zhou Y, Wu X, Gao J, Pickard GE, So KF, Pu M (2013) Direct retino-raphe projection alters serotonergic tone and affective behavior. Neuropsychopharmacology 38(7):1163-1175. doi: 10.1038/npp.2013.35

Summary: Although recent work has shown that some intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) are responsible for processing nonimage-forming visual functions, it is unclear whether the ipRGCs or conventional RGCs modulate affective behavior. The authors injected 2 μg of melanopsin-SAP (Cat. #IT-44) into each eye of gerbils, or biotinylated CTB monoclonal antibody coupled to Streptavidin-ZAP (Cat. #IT-27). The data suggest that retino-raphe signals modulate dorsal raphe nucleus serotonergic tone and affective behavior.

Related Products: Melanopsin-SAP (Cat. #IT-44), Streptavidin-ZAP (Cat. #IT-27)