References

Zhao Q, Zheng K, Ma C, Li J, Zhuo L, Huang W, Chen T, Jiang Y (2020) Ptps facilitates compartmentalized LTBP1 S-nitrosylation and promotes tumor growth under hypoxia. Mol Cell 77(1):95-107.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2019.09.018 PMID: 31628042

Objective: To investigate whether there is a molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of LTBP1-TGF-b signaling by the BH4-biosynthesis pathway.

Summary: GTP cyclohydrolase I (GTPCH), 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase (PTPS), and sepiapterin reductase (SR) are sequentially responsible for de novo synthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), a known cofactor for nitric oxide synthase (NOS). PTPS metabolic activity is required for colorectal tumor cell growth under hypoxia.

Usage: Immunoblotting

Related Products: NO-L-Cysteine Mouse Monoclonal, Conjugated (Cat. #AB-T125)

Cherepanova OA, Srikakulapu P, Greene ES, Chaklader M, Haskins RM, McCanna ME, Bandyopadhyay S, Ban B, Leitinger N, McNamara CA, Owens GK (2020) Novel Autoimmune IgM Antibody Attenuates Atherosclerosis in IgM Deficient Low-Fat Diet-Fed, but Not Western Diet-Fed Apoe-/- Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 40(1):206-219. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.119.312771 PMID: 31645128

Related Products: Antibody to OxPL (10C12) (Cat. #AB-V59)

Díaz HS, Andrade DC, Toledo C, Pereyra KV, Schwarz KG, Díaz-Jara E, Lucero C, Arce-Álvarez A, Schultz HD, Silva JN, Takakura AC, Moreira TS, Marcus NJ, Del Rio R (2020) Episodic stimulation of central chemoreceptor neurons elicits disordered breathing and autonomic dysfunction in volume overload heart failure. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 318(1):L27-L40. doi: 10.1152/ajplung.00007.2019

Objective: To determine the role of the central chemoreflex in the development of respiratory and autonomic dysfunction in volume overload heart failure (HF).

Summary: Episodic hypercapnic stimulation triggers ventilatory plasticity and elicits cardiorespiratory abnormalities in HF that are largely dependent on retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) chemoreceptor neurons.

Usage: Bilateral injections of SSP-SAP, 0.6 ng/30 nL, into the RTN were administered to destroy chemoreceptor neurons.

Related Products: SSP-SAP (Cat. #IT-11)

Patrone LGA, Capalbo AC, Marques DA, Bícego KC, Gargaglioni LH (2020) An age- and sex-dependent role of catecholaminergic neurons in the control of breathing and hypoxic chemoreflex during postnatal development. Brain Res 1726:146508. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146508

Objective: To discover the role of brainstem catecholaminergic (CA) neurons in the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR).

Summary: Brainstem CA neurons modulate the HVR during the postnatal phase, and possibly thermoregulation during hypoxia.

Usage: Evaluation of brainstem CA neurons in the HVR during postnatal development in male and female rats through specific cell depletion with Anti-DBH-SAP (420 ng/nL) injected in the fourth ventricle.

Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03)

Shin J, Kong C, Lee J, Choi BY, Sim J, Koh CS, Park M, Na YC, Suh SW, Chang WS, Chang JW (2019) Focused ultrasound-induced blood-brain barrier opening improves adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive function in a cholinergic degeneration dementia rat model. Alzheimers Res Ther 11(1):110. doi: 10.1186/s13195-019-0569-x

Objective: To investigate the decrease of adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD).

Summary: This work studied the effect of FUS on AHN in a cholinergic degeneration rat model of dementia.

Usage: 192-IgG-SAP was injected bilaterally into the lateral ventricle (4 μl at a concentration of 0.63 μg/μl at a rate of 1 μl/min).

Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01)

Kelly SC, McKay EC, Beck JS, Collier TJ, Dorrance AM, Counts SE (2019) Locus coeruleus degeneration induces forebrain vascular pathology in a transgenic rat model of alzheimer’s disease. J Alzheimers Dis 70(2):371-388. doi: 10.3233/JAD-190090 PMID: 31177220

Objective: To understand the extent to which locus coeruleus projection system degeneration influences vascular pathology.

Summary: Noradrenergic locus coeruleus (LC) neuron loss is a significant feature of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The authors stereotactically lesioned LC projection neurons innervating the prefrontal cortex of six-month-old Tg344–19 AD rats using DBH-SAP, or an untargeted control IgG-SAP. DBH-sap-lesioned animals performed significantly worse than IgG-sap animals on the Barnes maze task in measures of both spatial and working memory. DBH-sap-lesioned rats also displayed increased amyloid and inflammation pathology compared to IgG-sap controls. Results indicate that LC projection system degeneration is a nexus lesion that compromises both vascular and neuronal function in cognitive brain areas during the prodromal stages of AD.

Usage: Anti-DBH-SAP (IT-03) or control Mouse IgG-sap (IT-18) were administered to the PFC bilaterally ( 2.5 μg/injection).

Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03), Mouse IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-18)

Wensley HJ, Johnston DA, Smith WS, Holmes SE, Flavell SU, Flavell DJ (2019) A flow cytometric method to quantify the endosomal escape of a protein toxin to the cytosol of target cells. Pharm Res 37(1):16. doi: 10.1007/s11095-019-2725-1 PMID: 31873810

Rizvanovic H, Pinheiro AD, Kim K, Thomas J (2019) Chlorotoxin conjugated with saporin reduces viability of ML-1 thyroid cancer cells in vitro. bioRxiv 885483. doi: 10.1101/2019.12.20.885483

Objective: To determine whether Chlorotoxin-conjugated Saporin (CTX-SAP) would inhibit the growth of aggressive thyroid cancer cell lines expressing MMP-2.

Summary: This in vitro study demonstrated the efficacy of a CTX-SAP conjugate in reducing the viability of ML-1 thyroid cancer cells in a dose dependent manner.

Usage: There was a statistically significant reduction in cell viability with increasing concentrations of the CTX-SAP conjugate (biotinylated Chlorotoxin mixed with Streptavidin-ZAP). The cell viability of ML-1 cells was decreased by 49.77% with the treatment of 600 nM of CTX-SAP (F=44.24). Unconjugated Chlorotoxin or Saporin had no significant effect on cell viability a using similar assay.

Related Products: Streptavidin-ZAP (Cat. #IT-27), Saporin (Cat. #PR-01), Chlorotoxin-SAP (Cat. #IT-86)

Abbasloo E, Najafipour H, Vakili A (2020) Chronic treatment with apelin, losartan and their combination reduces myocardial infarct size and improves cardiac mechanical function. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 47:393-402. doi: 10.1111/1440-1681.13195 PMID: 31630435

Objective: To determine the effect of chronic pretreatment with apelin, losartan and their combination on ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in the isolated perfused rat heart and on the expression of apelin-13 receptor (APJ) and angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) in the myocardium.

Summary: Chronic pretreatment with apelin along with AT1R antagonist had more protective effects against IR injury.

Usage: 1:10000

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Gao Y, Gao B, Zhu H, Yu Q, Xie F, Chen C, Li Q (2019) Adipose-derived stem cells embedded in platelet-rich plasma scaffolds improve the texture of skin grafts in a rat full-thickness wound model. Burns 46(2):377-385. doi: 10.1016/j.burns.2019.07.041 PMID: 31852618

Usage: western (1:500)

Related Products: Fibroblast Growth Factor Rabbit Polyclonal, mammalian (Cat. #AB-07)