References

Antonucci F, Alpár A, Kacza J, Caleo M, Verderio C, Giani A, Martens H, Chaudhry FA, Allegra M, Grosche J, Michalski D, Erck C, Hoffmann A, Harkany T, Matteoli M, Härtig W (2012) Cracking down on inhibition: Selective removal of GABAergic interneurons from hippocampal networks. J Neurosci 32(6):1989-2001. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2720-11.2012

Related Products: Anti-vGAT-SAP (Cat. #IT-71)

Gibbons DD, Southerland EM, Hoover DB, Beaumont E, Armour JA, Ardell JL (2012) Neuromodulation targets intrinsic cardiac neurons to attenuate neuronally mediated atrial arrhythmias. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 302(3):R357-R364. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00535.2011 PMID: 22088304

Summary: Cardiac arrhythmias can be generated by excessive activation of specific inputs to the intrinsic cardiac nervous system. The authors sought to determine whether subpopulations of neurons were responsible for this activation, and therefore potential therapeutic targets. A series of studies were done following electrical stimuli to the mediastinal nerves. Choline acetyltransferase levels were assessed using anti-ChAT (Cat. #AB-N34) in immunohistochemistry. The data suggest activation of certain neurons by mediastinal nerve stimulation results in atrial arrhythmias leading to atrial fibrillation.

Related Products: Choline Acetyltransferase Rabbit Polyclonal (Cat. #AB-N34)

Minami SS, Sun B, Popat K, Kauppinen T, Pleiss M, Zhou Y, Ward ME, Floreanig P, Mucke L, Desai T, Gan L ( 2012 ) Selective targeting of microglia by quantum dots. J Neuroinflammation 9(1):22 . doi: 10.1186/1742-2094-9-22

Related Products: MonoBiotin-ZAP (Cat. #BT-ZAP)

Kobets AJ (2012) Vector-mediated gene delivery to model striatal interneuron loss in sever tourette syndrome. Yale Univ School and Medicine Thesis.

Objective: Develop a viral-mediated gene delivery technique to selectively ablate striatal interneurons in mice to model the pathophysiology of Tourette syndrome (TS).

Summary: The loss of striatal interneurons was speculated to play a role in TS. In order to model the pathophysiology of TS, the author used adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene therapy to ablate striatal interneurons in mice and perform behavioral analyses. As a comparison tool to help strengthen the results, mice were also lesioned with Anti-ChAT-SAP (IT-42) to lesion neurons expressing choline acetyl-transferase, the same neurons affected by the gene therapy.

Usage: Anti-ChAT-SAP (IT-42) was unilaterally injected into the brain of wild type mice.

Related Products: Anti-ChAT-SAP (Cat. #IT-42)

Choi JI, Koehrn FJ, Sorkin LS (2012) Carrageenan induced phosphorylation of Akt is dependent on neurokinin-1 expressing neurons in the superficial dorsal horn. Mol Pain 8(1):4. doi: 10.1186/1744-8069-8-4 PMID: 22243518

Summary: In this work the authors administered 100 ng SSP-SAP (Cat. #IT-11) into the intrathecal space of rats (saporin, Cat. #PR-01, was used as a control). Lesioned animals displayed decreased carrageenan-induced mechanical allodynia, and carrageenan-induced phosphorylation of Akt was blocked throughout the spinal cord gray matter. Anti-NK-1 (Cat. #AB-N33AP) was used for immunohistochemistry.

Related Products: SSP-SAP (Cat. #IT-11), Saporin (Cat. #PR-01), NK-1 Receptor Rabbit Polyclonal, affinity-purified (Cat. #AB-N33AP)

Tolner EA, Sheikh A, Yukin AY, Kaila K, Kanold PO (2012) Subplate neurons promote spindle bursts and thalamocortical patterning in the neonatal rat somatosensory cortex. J Neurosci 32(2):692-702. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1538-11.2012

Summary: Immature cortices in both human and rat have spontaneous activity associated with the maturation of cortical synapses and neuronal circuits. In order to investigate what cells are controlling these events the authors administered 400 ng of 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01) to the S1 cortex hindlimb/forelimb area of rats. mu p75-SAP (Cat. #IT-16) and mouse-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-18) were used as controls. This lesion eliminates subplate neurons which results in a significant loss of evoked spindle burst activity.

Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01), mu p75-SAP (Cat. #IT-16), Mouse IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-18)

Cai L, Gibbs RB, Johnson DA (2012) Recognition of novel objects and their location in rats with selective cholinergic lesion of the medial septum. Neurosci Lett 506(2):261-265. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2011.11.019

Summary: This work examined object recognition and object location recognition as specific components of memory. Rats received 0.22 μg of 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01) infused into the medial septum followed by testing in novel object recognition (NOR) and object location recognition (OLR) models. Substantial decreases in choline acetyltransferase activity in the hippocampus and frontal cortex produced no difference in NOR but caused a significant impairment in OLR – highlighting the role that septo-hippocampal cholinergic projections play in OLR.

Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01), Mouse IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-18)

St Peters M, Sarter M (2012) Featured Article: Motivation’s modulation of attention through the mesolimbic-corticopetal cholinergic circuitry. Targeting Trends 13(1)

Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01), Mouse IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-18)

Read the featured article in Targeting Trends.

See Also:

• St Peters M et al. Enhanced control of attention by stimulating mesolimbic-corticopetal cholinergic circuitry. J Neurosci 31(26):9760-9771, 2011.

Taxini CL, Takakura AC, Gargaglioni LH, Moreira TS (2011) Control of the central chemoreflex by A5 noradrenergic neurons in rats. Neuroscience 199:177-186. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.09.068

Summary: The A5 group of noradrenergic neurons in the ventrolateral pons is involved in the control of sympathetic and respiratory networks. Using anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03) the authors eliminated TH+ neurons in order to clarify which aspects of respiration are modulated by A5 neurons. Rats received bilateral 4.2-ng injections of the toxin into the A5 region. The results suggest that A5 noradrenergic neurons are involved in control of mean arterial pressure, splanchnic sympathetic nerve activity, and phrenic nerve activity.

Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03)

Alvarez P, Gear RW, Green PG, Levine JD (2012) IB4-saporin attenuates acute and eliminates chronic muscle pain in the rat. Exp Neurol 233(2):859-865. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.12.019

Summary: In order to clarify the roles of isolectin B4-positive and IB4-negative nociceptors in inflammatory and ergonomic muscle pain, the authors administered 3.2 µg of IB4-SAP (Cat. #IT-10) into the intrathecal space of rats. Although the baseline mechanical nociceptive threshold was not affected in the lesioned animals, mechanical hyperalgesia had a shorter duration. In the ergonomic models peak hyperalgesia was attenuated, and prolongation of PGE2-induced mechanical hyperalgesia was completely prevented.

Related Products: IB4-SAP (Cat. #IT-10)