- Home
- Knowledge Base
- References
References
A pivotal role of lumbar spinothalamic cells in the regulation of ejaculation via intraspinal connections.
Staudt MD, Truitt WA, McKenna KE, de Oliveira CV, Lehman MN, Coolen LM (2012) A pivotal role of lumbar spinothalamic cells in the regulation of ejaculation via intraspinal connections. J Sex Med 9(9):2256-2265. doi: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02574.x
Summary: The authors examined the hypothesis that specific lumbar spinothalamic (LSt) cells control ejaculation through intraspinal connections. Rats received six bilateral injections of SSP-SAP (Cat. #IT-11) into the spinal cord, 48 ng in total. Saporin (Cat. #PR-01) was used as a control. It was found that while erectile function and emission were not affected, the usual rhythmic contractions of the bulbocaveronosus muscle during ejaculation were prevented.
Related Products: SSP-SAP (Cat. #IT-11), Saporin (Cat. #PR-01)
MAP kinases couple hindbrain-derived catecholamine signals to hypothalamic adrenocortical control mechanisms during glycemia-related challenges.
Khan AM KKL, Sanchez-Watts, Ponzio TA, Kuzmiski JB, Bains JS, Watts AG (2011) MAP kinases couple hindbrain-derived catecholamine signals to hypothalamic adrenocortical control mechanisms during glycemia-related challenges. J Neurosci 31(50):18479-18491. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4785-11.2011
Summary: This work uses in vivo and ex vivo techniques to clarify how hypothalamic afferent pathways use intracellular mechanisms to modulate glycemia related adrenocortical responses. Rats received 42 ng injections of anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03) into the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. Mouse IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-18) was used as a control. The results establish a relationship between neurons from nutrient-sensing regions and intracellular mechanisms in hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone neuroendocrine neurons.
Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03), Mouse IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-18)
Depletion of endogenous noradrenaline does not prevent spinal cord plasticity following peripheral nerve injury.
Hayashida K, Peters CM, Gutierrez S, Eisenach JC (2012) Depletion of endogenous noradrenaline does not prevent spinal cord plasticity following peripheral nerve injury. J Pain 13(1):49-57. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2011.09.009
Summary: The authors examined what involvement noradrenergic fibers in the spinal cord have in neuronal and glial plasticity associated with neuropathic pain states. Rats received 5 μg intrathecal injections of anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03). Lesioned animals did not display altered mechanical withdrawal thresholds, but L5-L6 spinal nerve ligation in these animals caused enhanced mechanical hypersensitivity and analgesia induced by intrathecal clonidine. The data suggest that endogenous noradrenaline may play an inhibitory role on glial activation.
Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03)
Cholinergic control in developing prefrontal-hippocampal networks.
Janiesch PC, Kruger HS, Poschel B, Hanganu-Opatz IL (2011) Cholinergic control in developing prefrontal-hippocampal networks. J Neurosci 31(49):17955-17970. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2644-11.2011
Summary: In this work the authors examined the role of acetylcholine in the maturation of cognitive processing due to oscillatory rhythms entraining neuronal networks. Rats received 50 ng of 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01) into each lateral ventricle, or 25 ng directly into the medial septum. Among other results, cholinergic input was shown to reach the prefrontal cortex toward the end of the first postnatal week, initially targeting GABAergic neurons. Reduction of this activity by lesioning cholinergic neurons may cause global diminishment of neocortical activity.
Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01), Mouse IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-18)
A mouse monoclonal antibody against the γ2 subunit of GABAA receptors
Joshi S, Sun C, Kapur J (2011) A mouse monoclonal antibody against the γ2 subunit of GABAA receptors. Hybridoma (Larchmt) 30(6):537-542. doi: 10.1089/hyb.2011.0035 PMID: 22149279
Related Products: Antibody to GABA-A receptor gamma2 subunit (Cat. #AB-V22)
Novel application of human periodontal ligament stem cells and water-soluble chitin for collagen tissue regeneration: in vitro and in vivo investigations.
Jung IH, Park JC, Kim JC, Jeon DW, Choi SH, Cho KS, Im GI, Kim BS, Kim CS (2012) Novel application of human periodontal ligament stem cells and water-soluble chitin for collagen tissue regeneration: in vitro and in vivo investigations. Tissue Eng Part A 18(5-6):643-53. doi: 10.1089/ten.TEA.2011.0164 PMID: 21981356
Usage: Western blot 1:1000
Related Products: Trans-4-Hydroxy-L-Proline Rabbit Polyclonal, Conjugated (Cat. #AB-T044)
Redefining the components of central CO2 chemosensitivity – towards a better understanding of mechanism.
Huckstepp RT, Dale N (2011) Redefining the components of central CO2 chemosensitivity – towards a better understanding of mechanism. J Physiol 589(Pt 23):5561-5579. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2011.214759
Summary: This review discusses advances in the field of CO2 chemosensitivity over the past few years. Discussion of the role that locus coeruleus (LC) neurons play in this process describe the use of anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03) to reduce the hypercapnic ventilatory response. Data from these and other experiments support a role of the LC in modulation of the ventilatory response to hypercapnia.
Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03)
Age-related accumulation of non-heme ferric and ferrous iron in mouse ovarian stroma visualized by sensitive non-heme iron histochemistry.
Asano Y (2012) Age-related accumulation of non-heme ferric and ferrous iron in mouse ovarian stroma visualized by sensitive non-heme iron histochemistry. J Histochem Cytochem 60(3):229-242. doi: 10.1369/0022155411431734 PMID: 22108647
Summary: The mammalian ovary engages in continuous growth and cellular differentiation as long as the animal is capable of reproduction. During these processes iron ions are released from heme structures; these ions are capable of generating free radicals. The purpose of this study was to investigate non-heme iron distribution in ovarian tissue, and how this distribution changes during aging. Lipid peroxidation was monitored by immunohistochemistry using anti-conjugated malondialdehyde (Cat. #AB-T090). The data indicate that increasing oxidative stress, non-heme iron accumulation in ovarian stromal tissue, and aging are related.
Related Products: Malondialdehyde Rabbit Polyclonal, Conjugated (Cat. #AB-T090)
Impaired visual search in rats reveals cholinergic contributions to feature binding in visuospatial attention.
Botly LC, De Rosa E (2012) Impaired visual search in rats reveals cholinergic contributions to feature binding in visuospatial attention. Cereb Cortex 22(10):2441-2453. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhr331
Summary: Previous work established the role of acetylcholine from the nucleus basalis magnocellularis in attentional processing and visuospatial attention. In order to investigate the necessity of cortical cholinergic input for support of feature binding in visuospatial attention the authors administered bilateral intraparenchymal injections of 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01, 4 injections, 40 ng per injection). Lesioned animals took longer to locate targets during type-specific search trials, demonstrating that cholinergic input influences feature binding during visuospatial attention tasks.
Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01), Mouse IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-18)
Norepinephrine denervation by dopamine beta-hydroxylase saporin impacts L-DOPA efficacy and side effects in a hemi-parkinsonian rat model
Bhide NS, Dickinson S, Feinberg E, Mohamed M, Dupre K, Eskow-Jaunarajs K, Lindenbach D, Ostock C, Bishop C (2011) Norepinephrine denervation by dopamine beta-hydroxylase saporin impacts L-DOPA efficacy and side effects in a hemi-parkinsonian rat model. Neuroscience 2011 Abstracts 883.20. Society for Neuroscience, Washington, DC.
Summary: Dopaminergic neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is accompanied by concomitant loss in the norepinephrine (NE) system. The exact contribution of NE denervation in the development of PD remains elusive. Recently, we demonstrated that NE neurons may contribute to the efficacy and side effects of L-DOPA, however, to better mimic NE loss observed in PD we employed the selective NE neurotoxin dopamine beta hydroxylase saporin (DHB saporin) and evaluated its effects on the anti-parkinsonian efficacy of L-DOPA and the development & expression of L-DOPA induced dyskinesia (LID). To do so, hemiparkinsonian adult Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to intraventricular injections of either vehicle or DHB saporin. Three weeks later, animals were primed with L-DOPA (4mg/kg) for days 1-7 and L-DOPA (12 mg/kg) for days 9-15. During this period animals were monitored for motor-performance, a marker for L-DOPA’s anti-parkinsonian efficacy, and dyskinesia measured using Abnormal Involuntary Movements (AIMs) scale. Further, sensitivity of primed animals to different doses of L-DOPA (ranging from 2 to 12 mg/kg) was assessed. Results indicate that NE denervation resulted in reduced anti-parkinsonian efficacy of L-DOPA, but not the development of dyskinesia. In fully primed rats, NE denervation attenuated dyskinetic responses to L-DOPA when compared to animals with an intact NE innervation. These findings suggest that the NE system significantly modulates the anti-parkinsonian effects of L-DOPA and the expression of LID and indicate the importance of understanding the mechanisms by which NE modifies basal ganglia function in PD.
Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03)