References

Marbiah MM, Harvey A, West BT, Louzolo A, Banerjee P, Alden J, Grigoriadis A, Hummerich H, Kan HM, Cai Y, Bloom GS, Jat P, Collinge J, Klöhn PC (2014) Identification of a gene regulatory network associated with prion replication. EMBO J 33(14):1527-1547. doi: 10.15252/embj.201387150 PMID: 24843046

Related Products: Antibody to IQGAP2 (Cat. #AB-V28)

Alvares T, Revill A, Huxtable A, Lorenz C, Funk G (2014) P2Y1 receptor-mediated potentiation of inspiratory motor output in neonatal rat in vitro. J Physiol 592:3089-3111. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2013.268136 PMID: 24879869

Summary: P2YR’s are metabotropic purinergic receptors found in some parts of the CNS. A subtype of this receptor excites rhythm generating networks in the preBötzinger complex. In order to better understand the role of these receptors in modulation of motor output the authors used brainstem-spinal cord and medullary slice preparations from neonatal rats to investigate P2Y1R signaling on specific neurons that innervate diaphragm and airway muscles. Anti-NK1r (Cat. #AB-N33AP) at a 1:1000 dilution was used during the immunohistochemistry. The data suggest that loss of purinergic modulation contributes to motoneuron excitability.

Related Products: NK-1 Receptor Rabbit Polyclonal, affinity-purified (Cat. #AB-N33AP)

Lee CL, Rajkumar R, Dawe GS (2014) Featured Article: Corticotropin releasing factor-saporin conjugate selectively lesions nucleus incertus. Targeting Trends 15(2)

Related Products: CRF-SAP (Cat. #IT-13), Blank-SAP (Cat. #IT-21)

Read the featured article in Targeting Trends.

See Also:

• Lee LC et al. Selective lesioning of nucleus incertus with corticotropin releasing factor-saporin conjugate. Brain Res 1543:179-190, 2014.

Jeong D, Lee J, Lee S, Chang W, Kim S, Chang J (2014) Improvements in memory after medial septum stimulation are associated with changes in hippocampal cholinergic activity and neurogenesis. Biomed Res Int 2014:568587. doi: 10.1155/2014/568587

Summary: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a technique by which electrical impulses are applied to specific areas of the brain as therapy for various disorders. In this work the authors examined the mechanisms by which DBS can treat dementia. Rats received 5.04 μg intracerebroventricular injections of 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01); some rats also received an electrode implanted into the medial septum. Lesioned animals displayed deficits in water maze testing – this deficit was eliminated for the group that received electrical stimulation to the medial septum. The stimulated group also displayed an increase in hippocampal cholinergic activity as well as neurogenesis, indicating that DBS has therapeutic potential.

Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01)

Zheng X, Zhai B, Koivunen P, Shin S, Lu G, Liu J, Geisen C, Chakraborty A, Moslehi J, Smalley D, Wei X, Chen X, Chen Z, Beres J, Zhang J, Tsao J, Brenner M, Zhang Y, Fan C, DePinho R, Paik J, Gygi S, Kaelin W, Zhang Q (2014) Prolyl hydroxylation by EglN2 destabilizes FOXO3a by blocking its interaction with the USP9x deubiquitinase. Genes Dev 28:1429-1444. doi: 10.1101/gad.242131.114 PMID: 24990963

Summary: Members of the FOXO family are thought to act as tumor suppressor genes. In this work the authors investigated the hydroxylation of FOXO3a by EglN2. This hydroxylation pushes FOXO3a toward a protosomal degradation pathway. Loss of FOXO3a in turn allows the accumulation of Cyclin D1, which has been found to be overexpressed in some breast cancers. Some of the data were generated using immunoblots with anti-transhydroxylated proline (Cat. #AB-T044).

Usage: Western blot

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Joly S, Guzik-Kornacka A, Schwab M, Pernet V (2014) New mouse retinal stroke model reveals direction-selective circuit damage linked to permanent optokinetic response loss. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 55:4476-4489. doi: 10.1167/iovs.14-14521 PMID: 24970264

Summary: The authors used a mouse model of ‘retinal stroke’ to better delineate the optokinetic response deficits at the cellular level. Damage was found in the processes of starburst amacrine cells (SACs), and to a lesser extent, the dendrites. Anti-melanopsin (Cat. #AB-N38) at 1:2500 was used for immunohistochemistry.

Related Products: Melanopsin Rabbit Polyclonal (Cat. #AB-N38)

Carr F, Géranton S, Hunt S (2014) Descending controls modulate inflammatory joint pain and regulate CXC chemokine and iNOS expression in the dorsal horn. Mol Pain 10:39. doi: 10.1186/1744-8069-10-39

Summary: Peripheral joint pathology in conditions such as osteoarthritis does not always correlate to the amount of pain experienced, indicating that chronic pain is present. The role of descending facilitation in this form of chronic pain has not been investigated. The authors examined the role of mu opioid receptor-expressing cells in the rostral vental medulla (RVM) in behavioral hypersensitivity seen in joint pain models. Rats received 1.5 pmol of Dermorphin-SAP (Cat. #IT-12) into the RVM. Lesioned animals displayed prolonged attenuation of hypersensitivity, and altered expression of several genes was detected by qPCR, indicating that descending facilitation in the RVM is involved in joint pain behavior.

Related Products: Dermorphin-SAP / MOR-SAP (Cat. #IT-12)

Bajo V, Leach N, Cordery P, Nodal F, King A (2014) The cholinergic basal forebrain in the ferret and its inputs to the auditory cortex. Eur J Neurosci 40:2922-2940. doi: 10.1111/ejn.12653 PMID: 24945075

Summary: The ferret has become a more common animal model in auditory neuroscience. Unlike rodent models, however, anatomical data describing the organization of the basal forebrain cholinergic system and its projections to the auditory cortex have not been well characterized. Using a variety of methods the authors mapped the architecture of the ferret basal forebrain. IHC was done with several antibodies including anti-ChAT (Cat. #AB-N34AP; 1:1000) and anti-NGFr (Cat. #AB-N07; 1:500). Animals also received 17 μg of ME20.4-SAP (Cat. #IT-15) in a total of 17 injections into the ectosylvian gyrus. The results indicate that acetylcholine is most likely involved in modulation of auditory processing.

Related Products: Choline Acetyltransferase Rabbit Polyclonal, affinity-purified (Cat. #AB-N34AP), NGFr (ME20.4, p75) Mouse Monoclonal (Cat. #AB-N07), ME20.4-SAP (Cat. #IT-15)

Akahoshi N, Kamata S, Kubota M, Hishiki T, Nagahata Y, Matsuura T, Yamazaki C, Yoshida Y, Yamada H, Ishizaki Y, Suematsu M, Kasahara T, Ishii I (2014) Neutral aminoaciduria in cystathionine β-synthase-deficient mice; an animal model of homocystinuria. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 306:F1462-1476. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00623.2013 PMID: 24761004

Summary: The authors utilized a mouse model for homocystinuria in order to examine renal amino acid reabsorbtion. Some of the immunohistochemistry experiments used anti-Met (Cat. #AB-T036). It was found that loss of cystathionine β-synthase causes hyperexcretion of both glucogenic and ketogenic neutral amino acids, as well as histidine.

Cordier D, Gerber A, Kluba C, Bauman A, Hutter G, Mindt TL, Mariani L (2014) Expression of different neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) isoforms in glioblastoma multiforme: potential implications for targeted therapy. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 29(5):221-226. doi: 10.1089/cbr.2013.1588

Summary: The neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1r) has been found to be consistently over-expressed in gliomas, making it a potential target for therapeutic strategies. However, treatments with therapies utilizing substance P (SP), the ligand for the NK1r, have at best yielded uneven results. In this work the authors investigated factors that may predict the response to therapies directed at NK1r gliomas. SSP-SAP (Cat. #IT-11) was used at a concentration of 1 nM in cytotoxicity assays on several different glioma cell lines. Using this and other data it was shown that only the cell line with the most full-length NK1r RNA transcripts displayed high levels of binding, internalization, and cell killing necessary for NK1r to be a therapeutic target using SP.

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