Category: Meetings Abstracts

692.21 Impairments in gait, posture and complex movement control in rats modeling the multi-system, cholinergic-dopaminergic losses in PD
K Phillips, A Kucinski, R Albin, M Sarter
featuring IT-42 Anti-ChAT-SAP (poster; Wednesday, Nov. 19, 8:00 AM – 12:00 PM)

In addition to striatal dopamine loss, degeneration of cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain (BF) and the brainstem pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) were documented in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Loss of cholinergic projections to cortical, thalamic and midbrain regions have been associated with impairments in gait and postural control and a propensity for falls. We previously demonstrated that loss of cortical cholinergic inputs and the resulting impairments in attentional control ‘unmask’ gait and postural risk factors and thus yielded falls in rats with striatal dopamine loss (Kucinski et al., 2013). For this research we developed a new behavior task for the assessment of gait, postural control, and fall propensity (Michigan Complex Motor Control Task; MCMCT). Here, to determine the contributions of the PPN cholinergic projection system to complex movement control, we also lesioned the cholinergic pars compacta (posterior) division of the PPN by infusing anti-ChAT saporin-coupled immunotoxin. Rats received these lesions either in combination with BF cholinergic (192-IgG-saporin) or dorsomedial striatal dopamine loss (6-OHDA), or all three lesions together (“triples”). MCMCT performance by triples was characterized by more falls than in rats with just PPN lesions, PPN plus striatal dopamine loss, or rats with loss of both BF and PPN cholinergic neurons. High fall rates in triples persisted throughout the 20-day MCMCT testing sequence, indicating that daily practice did not improve the interactions between loss of attentional control and gait and postural deficits that underlie falls. Interestingly, combined loss of BF and PPN cholinergic neurons increased falls relative to controls and single lesions, suggesting that ascending cholinergic PPN loss sufficiently dysregulates striatal dopamine input for BF cholinergic cell loss to ‘unmask’ the impact of the former on striatal dysfunction. Finally, PPN cholinergic cell loss resulted in ballistic postural (recovery) movements and slip-triggered switches to asymmetrical gait. Such behavior was previously observed in rats after electrolytic lesions of the PPN region, considered a model of “Parkinsonian festination” (Cheng et al., 1981) and it may assist in maintaining balance by stabilizing the center of gravity. Collectively, our findings support the hypothesis that PPN cholinergic projections contribute to the mediation of gait symmetry and postural control, and when lesioned in combination with forebrain cholinergic and dopaminergic system, results in profound impairments in the control of complex movements. This research was supported by the Michael J. Fox Foundation.

134.02 Memory and cholinergic impairment using a new approach of bilateral lesion of rat cholinergic basal forebrain

I Manuel, A Llorente, E González De San Román, L Merino, M Giralt, R Rodriguez-Puertas

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (poster; Sunday, Nov. 16, 8:00 AM – 12:00 PM)

158.02 Spinal antinociceptive effect of gastrin releasing peptide (GRP) via GABAergic inhibitory interneurons expressing the GRP receptor (GRPR)

T Akiyama, M Tominaga, A Davoodi, M Nagamine, K Takamori, M I Carstens, E Carstens

featuring IT-40 Bombesin-SAP (poster; Sunday, Nov. 16, 8:00 AM – 12:00 PM)

168.07 C1 neurons excite A5 noradrenergic neurons during hypoxia condition

T L Borella, A C Takakura, T S Moreira

featuring IT-03 Anti-DBH-SAP (poster; Sunday, Nov. 16, 8:00 AM – 12:00 PM)

177.10 The role of acetylcholine in learning: Cholinergic MSDB lesions retard trace eyeblink conditioning and decrease adult neurogenesis

M L Anderson,, M S Nokia, T J Shors

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (poster; Sunday, Nov. 16, 8:00 AM – 12:00 PM)

211.25 Prefrontal cholinergic overload and attentional capacities in aging

B Yegla, A Kelbaugh, A Mookhtiar, V Parikh

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (poster; Sunday, Nov. 16, 1:00 PM – 5:00 PM)

265.05 Lesions of hindbrain catecholaminergic projections to nucleus accumbens, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, lateral parabrachial nucleus or locus coeruleus do not impair glucoprivic feeding

T T Dinh, N Huston, S Ritter

featuring IT-03 Anti-DBH-SAP (poster; Sunday, Nov. 16, 1:00 PM – 5:00 PM)

263.06 Assessing removal of illumination as a signal: Effects of loss of basal forebrain corticopetal cholinergic neurons

J A Burk, D Otoya, C Leong, A Ng, C T Kozikowski

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (poster; Sunday, Nov. 16, 1:00 PM – 5:00 PM)

263.16 Interactions between noncholinergic basal forebrain neurons and muscarinic receptors in attentional processing

C T Kozikowski, E L Wolfe, P G Yanev, J A Burk

featuring IT-32 GAT1-SAP (post; Sunday, Nov. 16, 1:00 PM – 5:00 PM)

267.30 Selective ablation of mu opioid receptor expressing gaba neurons in the rostromedial tegmental nucleus promotes ethanol intake

R Fu, X Chen, W Zuo, J Li, J-H Ye

featuring IT-12 Dermorphin-SAP (poster; Sunday, Nov. 16, 1:00 PM – 5:00 PM)

295.14 Investigating the potential of stem cell based therapy in an immunotoxin mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

D Tiwari, J Haynes, J Short, C Pouton

featuring IT-16 mu p75-SAP (poster; Monday, Nov. 17 8:00 AM – 12:00 PM)

307.25 Activity mediated by neurolipid (CB1 and LPA1) and neuropeptide (GAL1) receptors in a rat model with cholinergic basal forebrain lesion

A Llorente, E Gonzalez De San Roman, M Moreno, I Manuel, M Giralt, R Rodríguez

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (poster; Monday, Nov. 17 8:00 AM – 12:00 PM)

327.08 Development of morphine analgesic tolerance is modulated by spinal P2X7 receptors

H L Leduc-Pessah, N Weilinger, C Fan, R Thompson, T Trang

featuring IT-33 Mac-1-SAP (rat) (poster; Monday, Nov. 17 8:00 AM – 12:00 PM)

352.03 Correlation between hemodynamics and neuronal activity during altered brain states

C Lecrux,, C Sandoe, S Neupane, P Kropf, X Toussay, X-K Tong, A Shmuel, E Hamel

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (poster; Monday, Nov. 17 8:00 AM – 12:00 PM)

452.13 Hindbrain catecholaminergic projections to the paraventricular nucleus are required for activation of glutamatergic terminals by glycemic challenges

C S Johnson, A G Watts

featuring IT-03 Anti-DBH-SAP (poster; Monday, Nov. 17 1:00 PM – 5:00 PM)

453.13 Interleukin-1 receptor-expressing cells in the arcuate hypothalamus mediate peripheral interleukin-1-induced hypophagia

J Konsman, L Chaskiel, A Bristow, R Dantzer

featuring Custom Conjugations (poster; Monday, Nov. 17 1:00 PM – 5:00 PM)

463.19 Spatial long-term memory and modulation of NMDA receptor subunit expression in medial septal immunolesioned rats

L Kruashvili, M Mepharishvili, M Dashniani, M Burjanadze, M Demurishvili

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP; IT-32 GAT1-SAP (poster; Monday, Nov. 17 1:00 PM – 5:00 PM)

542.20 Vagus nerve stimulation dependent enhancement of cortical plasticity requires cholinergic innervation of the cortex

D Hulsey, S Hays, N Khodaparast, R Casavant, A Ruiz, P Das, E Nutting, X Carrier, M Iyengar, I Quareshi, S Sultana, R Rennaker, Ii, M Kilgard

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (poster; Tuesday, Nov. 18, 8:00 AM – 12:00 PM)

543.01 Immunolesions of melanopsin receptive neurons in the adult Pekin drake attenuates the hormonal reproductive axis

G S Fraley

featuring IT-44 Melanopsin-SAP (poster; Tuesday, Nov. 18, 8:00 AM – 12:00 PM)

543.11 Involvement of kndy neurons in luteinizing hormone surges induced by steroids

C V Helena, N Toporikova, B Kalil, A M Stathopoulos, J A Anselmo-Franci, R Bertram

featuring IT-63 NK3-SAP (poster; Tuesday, Nov. 18, 8:00 AM – 12:00 PM)

627.07 Properties of recombinant isolectin B4 (IB4): Binding and immunostaining

M D Kohls, D A Lappi, L R Ancheta

featuring IT-10 IB4-SAP (poster; Tuesday, Nov. 18, 1:00 PM – 5:00 PM)

640.10 Cholinergic regulation of aromatase in brain

J Li, D Nelson, R Gibbs

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (poster; Tuesday, Nov. 18, 1:00 PM – 5:00 PM)

643.10 Medullary catecholaminergic (CA) neurons modulate hypoxic ventilatory response in neonatal rats (P7-8)

L A Patrone, V Biancardi, K C Bícego, L H Gargaglioni

featuring IT-03 Anti-DBH-SAP (poster; Tuesday, Nov. 18, 1:00 PM – 5:00 PM)

652.05 The role of the supramammillary area in spatial learning and memory

H Shim, H-J Park, H Lee, I Shim

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (poster; Tuesday, Nov. 18, 1:00 PM – 5:00 PM)

692.21 Impairments in gait, posture and complex movement control in rats modeling the multi-system, cholinergic-dopaminergic losses in PD [read abstract]

K Phillips, A Kucinski, R Albin, M Sarter

featuring IT-42 Anti-ChAT-SAP (poster; Wednesday, Nov. 19, 8:00 AM – 12:00 PM)

748.01 The role of the basal forebrain cholinergic neurons in cued extinction memory

W B Schreiber, S Keller, D Knox

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (poster; Wednesday, Nov. 19, 8:00 AM – 12:00 PM)

749.20 Is selective hippocampal cholinergic deafferentation sufficient to produce temporally graded retrograde amnesia?

J R Köppen, S S Stuebing, M Sieg, A A Blackwell, P Blankenship, E D Grisley, J L Cheatwood, D G Wallace

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (poster; Wednesday, Nov. 19, 8:00 AM – 12:00 PM)

670.03 Chronic oxotremorine treatment ameliorates depressive phenotype in a rodent model of Alzheimer’s disease

D V Nair, M M Al-Badri, H Peng, N Schenkman, J Pacheco-Quinto, C B Eckman, D Iacono, E A Eckman

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (nanosymposium; Wednesday, Nov. 19, 8:30 AM – 8:45 AM)

789.21 The galantamine prodrug, Memogain®, reverses deficits in hippocampal neurogenesis associated with the loss of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons

J M Van Kampen,, D G Kay, A Maelicke

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (poster; Wednesday, Nov. 19, 1:00 PM – 5:00 PM)

800.09 The effects of targeted intracerebral saporin injection on recovery from stroke

A Becker, M Goldberg

featuring IT-16 mu p75-SAP (poster; Wednesday, Nov. 19, 1:00 PM – 5:00 PM)

834.08 Contribution of hindbrain catecholamine neurons to orexin-induced feeding

A-J Li, Q Wang, H Davis, S Ritter

featuring IT-03 Anti-DBH-SAP (poster; Wednesday, Nov. 19, 1:00 PM – 5:00 PM)

DP09.04 The effects of targeted intracerebral saporin injection on recovery from stroke

A Becker, M Goldberg

featuring IT-16 mu p75-SAP (dynamic poster; Wednesday, Nov. 19, 1:00 PM – 5:00 PM)

 

266.15 Role of nonpeptidergic subset of primary afferent neurons in inflammatory hypernociception in mice.

L G Pinto, G R Souza, A H P Lopes, J Talbot, F Q Cunha, T M Cunha, S H Ferreira

featuring IT-10 IB4-SAP (Poster; Sunday, November 10, 3:00 pm – 4:00 pm)

274.01 Ablation of arcuate KNDy neurons amplifies the LH surge in steroid-primed, ovariectomized rats.

S J Krajewski-Hall, M A Mittelman-Smith, N T Mcmullen, N E Rance

featuring IT-63 NK3-SAP (Poster; Sunday, November 10, 1:00 pm – 2:00 pm)

288.02 Loss of medial prefrontal cortical cholinergic projections increases preference for an immediately available reward in a delay discounting task.

J A Burk, K Yonezaki

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Poster; Sunday, November 10, 2:00 pm – 3:00 pm)

353.09 Spatial processing in the primary auditory cortex following cholinergic lesions of the basal forebrain in ferrets.

F R Nodal, N D Leach, P Keating, J C Dahmen, A J King, V M Bajo

featuring IT-15 ME20.4-SAP (Poster; Monday, November 11, 8:00 am – 9:00 am)

45.12 Selective basal forebrain cholinergic deficits reduce glucose metabolism, cholinergic and GABAergic system in the cingulate cortex.

J Lee, D Jeong, J Oh, J Lee, W Chang, Z Cho, J Chang

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Poster; Saturday, November 9, 4:00 pm – 5:00 pm)

461.10 Descending noradrenergic control of conditioned pain modulation and postoperative pain trajectory in rats.

R A Parker, F Wang, K Hayashida, T J Martin, J C Eisenach, C M Peters

featuring IT-03 Anti-DBH-SAP (Poster; Monday, November 11, 2:00 pm – 3:00 pm)

467.12 Neuroprotection with gonadal steroids following partial motoneuron depletion: Dependence on steroid receptor activation and hormone action at the target musculature.

D R Sengelaub, Y Cai, M Chung, J Mnayarji

featuring IT-03 Anti-DBH-SAP (Poster; Monday, November 11, 4:00 pm – 5:00 pm)

574.20 The anterior claustrum and flexible behavior in the rat: A comparison of NMDA and dynorphin-saporin lesions.

A C Talk, D Bernasconi, Z Stevens, K Grasby, L Edelstein, J Smythies, B Russell

featuring IT-68 Dynorphin-SAP (Poster; Tuesday, November 12, 11:00 am – 12:00 pm)

599.01 Increased hippocampal neurogenesis and prolonged amelioration of memory deficits by chronic oxotremorine treatment in a rodent model of Alzheimer’s disease.

D V Nair, M M Al-Badri, M Rogido, J Pacheco-Quinto, H Peng, D Iacono, C B Eckman, E A Eckman

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Nanosymposium; Tuesday, November 12, 1:00 pm – 1:15 pm)

623.12 The effect of noradrenaline depletion on motor impairment and dopamine cell loss in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease.

E J Shin, J Rogers, A Björklund, M Carta

featuring IT-03 Anti-DBH-SAP (Poster; Tuesday, November 12, 4:00 pm – 5:00 pm)

639.04 Effect of medial prefrontal subregions electrical stimulation on the neuronal activity of the primary visual cortex and basal forebrain.

H N Nguyen, F Huppé-Gourgues, E Vaucher

featuring IT-16 mu p75-SAP (Poster; Tuesday, November 12, 4:00 pm – 5:00 pm)

642.11 Male and female mice use distinct spinal immune cells to mediate chronic pain.

R E Sorge, L J Martin, J Alexander, S Beggs, S Rosen, J Zhang, M W Salter, J S Mogil

featuring IT-06 Mac-1-SAP mouse (Poster; Tuesday, November 12, 1:00 pm – 2:00 pm)

699.04 CD4+ T lymphocytes interact with microglia to modulate hippocampal neurogenesis. [Read Abstract]

D Khan, E Owens, M Zaben, S B Dunnett, W P Gray,

featuring IT-33 Mac-1-SAP rat (Poster; Wednesday, November 13, 11:00 am – 12:00 pm)

712.19 Investigating the potential of stem cell based therapy in an immunotoxin mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease.

D Tiwari, H Warden, J M Haynes, J A Nicolazzo, C W Pouton, J L Short

featuring IT-16 mu p75-SAP (Poster; Wednesday, November 13, 10:00 am – 11:00 am)

717.18 Activation of NF-kappa κB signaling in the hippocampus without cholinergic input was aggravated by chronic stress .

S-Y Lee, M-S Kim, J-S Han

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Poster; Wednesday, November 13, 9:00 am – 10:00 am)

757.04 Compensatory feeding after reversing dehydration-anorexia: Is it analogous to glucoprivic or food deprivation-induced feeding?

S L Vargas, A G Watts

featuring IT-03 Anti-DBH-SAP (Poster; Wednesday, November 13, 11:00 am – 12:00 pm)

854.02 Assessment of the contributions of baseline performance and prefrontal cortical cholinergic projections to orexin A-induced attentional enhancement.

K N Zajo, J R Fadel, J A Burk

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Poster; Wednesday, November 13, 2:00 pm – 3:00 pm)

Awarded by ATS at Society for Neuroscience (SFN) November 9-13, 2013 • San Diego, CA

699.04 CD4+ T lymphocytes interact with microglia to modulate hippocampal neurogenesis.
D Khan, E Owens, M Zaben, S B Dunnett, W P Gray,
featuring IT-33 Mac-1-SAP rat (Poster; Wednesday, November 13, 11:00 am – 12:00 pm)

Hippocampal neurogenesis occurs within the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus and is important for learning and memory. Neurogenesis is impaired in patients with chronic temporal lobe epilepsy, an observation that may account for the learning and memory deficits that these patients commonly have. Emerging literature demonstrates that CD4+ T lymphocytes increase neurogenesis and enhance cognition; however, the exact mechanisms remain undetermined. Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) receptors are expressed on T lymphocytes, microglia and hippocampal progenitor cells, hence this study was designed to investigate VIP’s role in mediating neuro-immune modulation.

Hippocampal cultures (P7-10 Sprague Dawley rats) were generated and maintained for 3 days in vitro (DIV) and treated with 5% supernatant generated from C57/Bl6 mouse spleen using a CD4+ T lymphocyte isolation kit. BrdU and experimental conditions were added for the terminal 6 hours before fixation and then processed for BrdU and nestin. For phenotype analysis, experimental conditions were added at 3DIV and fixed at 6DIV to be processed for nestin and TuJ1. To deplete microglia, Mac-1-SAP was added at 2DIV for 24 hours before experimental conditions were added.

5% T lymphocytes supernatant increased proliferation of hippocampal nestin-expressing cells; an effect that is further enhanced under VIP treatment via VPAC1 receptor subtype. Examining potential cytokine mediators of this effect, PCR analysis showed 6-fold increase in IL-4 mRNA expression, and IL-4 antagonist abolished VIP proliferative effects. Using Mac-1-SAP to account for microglial involvement by depleting microglia, VIP proliferative effects were abolished. Our phenotyping studies also demonstrated an additional neurogenic effect under VIP treated supernatant compared to standard control conditions.

Taken together, these results show VPAC1 receptor subtype expressed by CD4+ T lymphocytes mediates VIP proliferative effects on hippocampal cells via IL-4 cytokine release. Microglia mediates VIP proliferative effects. While we demonstrated before that VPAC2 mediates hippocampal progenitor cell survival, the findings of this study strongly implicate VPAC1 receptor as a neuro-immune mediator of hippocampal neurogenesis, and from a therapeutic perspective, shows that the effect can be pharmacologically manipulated.

164.19 Knockdown of noradrenergic locus coeruleus (LC) neurons alleviates chronic orofacial pain

R Kaushal, F Ma, L Zhang, C R Bright, B K Taylor, K N Westlund

featuring IT-03 Anti-DBH-SAP (Poster; Sunday, Oct. 14, 10:00 am – 11:00 am)

203.28 Combined loss of entorhinal and basal forebrain cholinergic hippocampal inputs deeply impairs spatial navigation memory in C57BL/6J and hAPPxapoE mice.

C Mathis, P-H Moreau, C Zerbinatti, R Goutagny, B Cosquer, K Geiger, C Kelche, J-C Cassel

featuring IT-16 mu p75-SAP (Poster; Sunday, Oct. 14, 11:00 am – 12:00 pm)

281.28 Neurotoxic lesion of CRF-R1 neurons in the amygdala selectively attenuates the heart rate response to acute stress in the spontaneously hypertensive rat.

L F Hayward

featuring IT-13 CRF-SAP (Poster; Sunday, Oct. 14, 4:00 pm – 5:00 pm)

345.10 The effects of basal forebrain cholinergic neuron of recognition tests.

J Lee, D Jeong, J Chang

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Poster; Monday, Oct. 15, 9:00 am – 10:00 am)

345.20 Effects of chronic stress on alterations of GR-PKA-NF-kappa B signaling and spatial learning in rats with cholinergic deafferentation.

S-Y Lee, J Ma, C Chung, J-S Han

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Poster; Monday, Oct. 15, 11:00 am – 12:00 pm)

360.06 Evaluating the role of neuronal nitric oxide synthase-containing striatal interneurons in methamphetamine-induced dopamine neurotoxicity.

A N Fricks-Gleason, K A Keefe,

featuring IT-11 SSP-SAP (Poster; Monday, Oct. 15, 9:00 am – 10:00 am)

394.25 Infusion of GAT1-Saporin into the medial septum spares mnemonic function and impairs self-movement cue processing.

J R Koppen,, S S Stuebing, S S Winter, J L Cheatwood, D G Wallace

featuring IT-32 GAT1-SAP (Poster; Monday, Oct. 15, 8:00 am – 9:00 am)

438.10 Emerging roles of pathogens in alzheimer’s and moderate magnetic field therapy: dc emf 0.5 tesla

T W Nichols

featuring IT-16 mu p75-SAP (Poster; Monday, Oct. 15, 2:00 pm – 3:00 pm)

471.22 Neuromedin B serves a role in nociceptive signaling.

S K Mishra, S Holzman, M A Hoon

featuring Custom Conjugations (Poster; Monday, Oct. 15, 2:00 pm – 3:00 pm)

486.24 Cholinergic basal forebrain neurons contribute to the biochemical and electrophysiological changes in the cortex during sleep deprivation.

A V Kalinchuk, S Kim, R W Mccarley, R Basheer

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Poster; Monday, Oct. 15, 4:00 pm – 5:00 pm)

496.03 The GRP peptide and the GRPR-positive interneurons control fear acquisition and extinction. [Read Abstract]

K Zushida, K Light, S Uchida, C Hevi, G P Shumyatsky

featuring IT-40 Bombesin-SAP (Poster; Monday, Oct. 15, 3:00 pm – 4:00 pm)

524.05 Selective damage to glia in the nucleus tractus solitarii attenuates cardiovascular reflexes.

W T Talman,, S Jones, D Nitschke Dragon, L-H Lin

featuring IT-03 Anti-DBH-SAP, IT-11 SSP-SAP (Nanosymposium; Tuesday, Oct. 16, 9:00 am – 9:15 am)

536.08 Paying attention with a compromised cholinergic system: Attenuated activation of cholinergic neurotransmission in attentional task-performing CHT+/- mice.

C S Mallory, G Paolone, A Koshy Cherian, R D Blakely, M Sarter

featuring IT-16 mu p75-SAP (Poster; Tuesday, Oct. 16, 11:00 am – 12:00 pm)

585.02 A role for kisspeptin/neurokinin B/dynorphin (KNDy) neurons in the regulation of estrous cycles and the estrogen modulation of body temperature.

S J Krajewski-Hall, M A Mittelman-Smith, H Williams, K J Lafrance, N T Mcmullen, N E Rance,

featuring IT-63 NK3-SAP, IT-21 Blank-SAP (Poster; Tuesday, Oct. 16, 9:00 am – 10:00 pm)

600.12 Acetylcholine and Learning: Are they related and does it matter for associating events across time?

M L Anderson, K P Govindaraju, T J Shors

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Poster; Tuesday, Oct. 16, 11:00 am – 12:00 pm)

67.10 IB4 (+) neurons contribute to force-induced cancer pain but not cancer proliferation

Y Ye, C T Viet, D Dang, B L Schmidt

featuring IT-10 IB4-SAP (Poster; Saturday, Oct. 13, 2:00 pm – 3:00 pm)

696.15 Positive allosteric modulation of 4 2* nicotinic acetylcholine receptors augments the amplitudes of prefrontal nicotine-evoked glutamatergic transients.

M Grupe,, G Paolone, A A Jensen, K S Nielsen, J K Christensen, M Grunnet, M Sarter

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Poster; Tuesday, Oct. 16, 3:00 pm – 4:00 pm)

729.13 Cholinergic contributions to learned attentional suppression in the rat with touchscreens.

V Ljubojevic, L Botly, E De Rosa

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Nanosymposium; Wednesday, Oct. 17, 8:00 am – 9:00 am)

751.12 Limited effect of serotonergic denervation on beta-amyloid and cognitive impairment in APPswe/PS1dE9 mice.

O Ortiz-Barajas, J Ramos-Rodriguez, E Berrocoso,, M Garcia Alloza

featuring IT-16 mu p75-SAP (Poster; Wednesday, Oct. 17, 11:00 am – 12:00 pm)

758.06 Noradrenergic denervation by DBH saporin reduces behavioral responsivity to L-DOPA in the hemi-parkinsonian rat.

C Y Ostock, D Lindenbach, K L Jaunarajs, K B Dupre, A Goldenberg, N S Bhide, C Bishop

featuring IT-03 Anti-DBH-SAP (Poster; Wednesday, Oct. 17, 9:00 am – 10:00 am)

781.07 Intercalated nucleus modulates chemosensory processing in medial amygdala.

L M Biggs, A R Simonton, M Meredith

featuring IT-12 Dermorphin-SAP (Poster; Wednesday, Oct. 17, 10:00 am – 11:00 am)

785.07 Descending facilitation contributes to changes in dorsal horn gene expression in a rat model of inflammatory joint pain.

F Carr, S M Géranton, S P Hunt

featuring IT-12 Dermorphin-SAP (Poster; Wednesday, Oct. 17, 10:00 am – 11:00 am)

785.11 Depletion of spinal norepinephrine increases the duration of postoperative pain related behaviors following acute plantar incision and partial nerve injury in the rat.

F Wang, J C Eisenach, C M Peters

featuring IT-03 Anti-DBH-SAP (Poster; Wednesday, Oct. 17, 10:00 am – 11:00 am)

799.23 Effects of a dual hypocretin receptor antagonist on sleep and wakefulness in rats.

M D Schwartz, L Dittrich, S P Fisher, W Lincoln, H Liu, M A Miller, D R Warrier, A J Wilk, S R Morairty, T S Kilduff

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Poster; Wednesday, Oct. 17, 10:00 am – 11:00 am)

846.09 Neural plasticity in injured spinal cord.

M Gulisano, R Parenti, R Gulino

featuring IT-14 CTB-SAP (Poster; Wednesday, Oct. 17, 1:00 pm – 2:00 pm)

851.01 Spatial memory facilitation by electrical stimulation of the medial septum in rats.

D Jeong, J Lee, S Lee, S Kim, J Chang

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Poster; Wednesday, Oct. 17, 1:00 pm – 2:00 pm)

918.06 Evidence that focal hippocampal interneuron loss disrupts theta- and gamma- band activity.

C A Rossi, M J Lehmkuhle, F E Dudek

featuring IT-11 SSP-SAP (Poster; Wednesday, Oct. 17, 2:00 pm – 3:00 pm)

93.05 Catecholaminergic neurons in the ventrolateral medulla are differentially activated by the rate of fall in blood glucose during hypoglycemia, and are required for the rate-dependent hypoglycemic activation of sympathoadrenal responses.

A Jokiaho, C Donovan, A Watts

featuring IT-03 Anti-DBH-SAP (Poster; Saturday, Oct. 13, 1:00 pm – 2:00 pm)

93.18 Lateral and fourth ventricular phloridzin injections stimulate feeding but do not produce hyperglycemia.

A-J Li, Q Wang, B R Smith, S Ritter

featuring IT-03 Anti-DBH-SAP (Poster; Saturday, Oct. 13, 2:00 pm – 3:00 pm)

Awarded by ATS at Society for Neuroscience (SFN) October 13-17, 2012 • New Orleans, LA

496.03 The GRP peptide and the GRPR-positive interneurons control fear acquisition and extinction.
K Zushida, K Light, S Uchida, C Hevi, G P Shumyatsky
featuring IT-40 Bombesin-SAP (Poster; Monday, Oct. 15, 3:00 pm – 4:00 pm)

The gastrin releasing peptide (GRP) is the marker of the neural circuits relaying fear-related conditioned stimulus (CS) information to the amygdala. The GRP is expressed by principal cells and the GRP-receptor (GRPR) is expressed by interneurons. The GRPR is expressed in the amygdala and hippocampus. To examine the role of the GRPR-positive interneurons in these two brain areas, we performed local injections of the bombesin-saporin (SAP)-toxin, which selectively eliminates the GRPR-expressing cells. The intra-BLA [lateral (LA) and basal nuclei (BA) of amygdala] injection of bombesin-SAP before fear conditioning significantly enhanced cued, but not contextual fear memory. We did not observe any significant effect of post-training intra-BLA injections of bombesin-SAP on fear memory recall. Also, there were no significant effects of bombesin-SAP on acquisition of contextual and cued fear memory in mice injected bombesin-SAP into LA, BA and central amygdala (CeA), respectively. Also, we examined cued fear memory in the GRP knockout mice and found significant enhancement in their cued fear memory. These results support the idea that GRPR-expressing interneurons play an inhibitory role in acquisition of fear memory and suggested inhibitory effect by the GRPR-expressing GABA interneurons on fear memory requires both LA and BA but not CeA.

37.06 Highly selective lesion of the cholinergic pedunculopontine neurons using a minimally-invasive angular stereotaxic surgery with the Diphteria-Urotensin-II neurotoxin in rat

M Cyr, D A Maclaren, M-A Bédard, S D Clark, N Mechawar, J Rochford, P Winn

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Poster; Saturday, Nov 12, 2011, 2:00 PM – 3:00 PM )

37.13 [18F] fluoroethoxybenzovesamicol (FEOBV): A reliable PET radiocompound for the in-vivo assessment of cholinergic terminals.

M Parent, P Rosa-Neto, A Aliaga, J-P Soucy, M-A Bedard,;

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Poster; Saturday, Nov 12, 2011, 1:00 PM – 2:00 PM )

47.02 Rapid beta-amyloid deposition and behavioural impairment after cholinergic denervation in APPswe/PS1dE9

M Pacheco-Herrero, D Thyssen, J Ramos-Rodriguez, E Berrocoso, B Bacskai, M Garcia-Alloza

featuring IT-16 mu p75-SAP (Poster; Saturday, Nov 12, 2011, 2:00 PM – 3:00 PM)

86.06 Diminished norepinephrine release in the BSTv decreases anxiety but does not promote maternal behavior in nulliparous female rats.

M A Holschbach, J S Lonstein,

featuring IT-03 Anti-DBH-SAP (Poster; Saturday, Nov 12, 2011, 2:00 PM – 3:00 PM)

88.05 Basal metabolic substrate utilization is altered by lesion of hindbrain catecholamine neurons that innervate the medial hypothalamus and substrate selection during glucoprivation is impaired.

S Ritter, A-J Li, Q Wang, T T Dinh;

featuring IT-03 Anti-DBH-SAP, PR-01 Saporin (Poster; Saturday, Nov 12, 2011, 1:00 PM – 2:00 PM)

179.16 Transmission of neuropathic pain by spinal neurons expressing the NPY Y1 receptor

R R Donahue, G F Corder, K C Mcnamara, R G Wiley, B K Taylor

featuring IT-28 NPY-SAP (Poster; Sunday, Nov 13, 2011, 11:00 AM -12:00 PM)

179.17 Activation of postsynaptic NPY Y1 and presynaptic Y2 receptors reduce spinal nociceptive transmission

G F Corder, R Donahue, M K Winter, W Chen, K E Mccarson, J Marvizon, B Taylor,

featuring IT-28 NPY-SAP (Poster; Sunday, Nov 13, 2011, 8:00 AM – 9:00 AM)

199.22 The role of medial septal/diagonal band GABAergic neurons in proactive interference: Effects of selective immunotoxic lesions in latent inhibition

S P Sinha, J J Roland, R J Servatius, K C H Pang,

featuring IT-32 GAT1-SAP (Poster; Sunday, Nov 13, 2011, 9:00 AM -10:00 AM )

232.12 Targeted ablation of intrinsically photosensitive melanopsin expressing retinal ganglion cells early in development alters retinal morphology within the inner plexiform layer of mice

D A Van Der List, B Chapman,

featuring IT-44 Melanopsin-SAP (Poster; Sunday, Nov 13, 2011, 4:00 PM – 5:00 PM)

244.02 Deficits in attentional control of balance, mobility, and complex movements in a rat model of early state, multisystem Parkinson disease

C A Spuz, G Paolone, S Briscoe, M Bradshaw, R L Albin, M F Sarter

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Poster; Sunday, Nov 13, 2011, 2:00 PM – 3:00 PM)

249.09 Evidence that focal interneuron lesions in the hippocampus may lead to a model of epileptogenesis in the mouse.

C A Rossi, M J Lehmkuhle, F E Dudek

featuring IT-11 SSP-SAP (Poster; Sunday, Nov 13, 2011, 1:00 PM – 2:00 PM)

294.07 Cholinergic modulation of cross-modal attentional orienting

V Ljubojevic, E De Rosa, P Luu

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Poster; Sunday, Nov 13, 2011, 3:00 PM – 4:00 PM)

296.03 The effects of noradrenergic lesions to the orbitofrontal cortex on reversal learning

A T Bates, A N Duys, C E Miller, R Miller, J Mcgaughy

featuring IT-03 Anti-DBH-SAP (Poster; Sunday, Nov 13, 2011, 3:00 PM – 4:00 PM)

331.04 Growth factor infusion increases BrdU-positive cells in the denervated medial septum following 192-IgG-saporin lesion

S S Winter, J R Köppen, J M Stout, H A Cameron, D G Wallace, J L Cheatwood

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Poster; Monday, Nov 14, 2011, 11:00 AM -12:00 PM)

345.09 Noradrenergic neurons of the A5 region play a role on hypoxic ventilatory response in unanesthetized rats.

C L Taxini, K Bícego, A Takakura, T Moreira, L Gargaglioni

featuring IT-03 Anti-DBH-SAP (Poster; Monday, Nov 14, 2011, 8:00 AM – 9:00 AM)

396.11 Lesions targeting leptin-sensitive neurons in the mediobasal hypothalamus dissociate activity and temperature circadian rhythms.

M F Wiater, H Jansen, M Oostrom, A-J Li, T Dinh, S Ritter

featuring IT-47 Leptin-SAP, IT-21 Blank-SAP (Poster; Monday, Nov 14, 2011, 10:00 AM -11:00 AM)

397.15 Cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain and nitric oxide-mediated regulation of sleep homeostasis.

A V Kalinchuk, T Porkka-Heiskanen, R W Mccarley, R Basheer

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Poster; Monday, Nov 14, 2011, 10:00 AM -11:00 AM)

513.09 Role of the medial septal-diagonal band nucleus in working memory: Effects of cholinergic or GABAergic lesions on memory demand and interference

A L Stewart, J J Roland, R J Servatius, K Pang,

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP, IT-32 GAT1-SAP (Poster; Monday, Nov 14, 2011, 1:00 PM – 2:00 PM)

513.10 Reduced hippocampal acetylcholine efflux after medial septal-diagonal band (MSDB) GABAergic lesion is associated with impaired working memory: behavioral and neurochemical effects of physostigmine.

J J Roland, A L Stewart, L M Savage, R J Servatius, K C H Pang,

featuring IT-32 GAT1-SAP (Poster; Monday, Nov 14, 2011, 2:00 PM – 3:00 PM)

550.01 P300-like event related potentials in IgG192-saporin induced rat model of Alzheimer´s disease

B Clausen, W Klipec, J Bastlund, M Collins

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Poster; Tuesday, Nov 15, 2011, 8:00 AM – 9:00 AM)

600.13 Lesions targeting leptin-sensitive neurons in the ventromedial and suprachiasmatic nuclei differentiate sites for circadian control of feeding

T T Dinh, B R Smith, M F Wiater, H Jansen, A-J Li, S Ritter

featuring IT-47 Leptin-SAP (Poster; Tuesday, Nov 15, 2011, 8:00 AM – 9:00 AM )

600.17 Fourth ventricular glucosamine-induced feeding is catecholamine-dependent

A-J Li, Q Wang, S Ritter

featuring IT-03 Anti-DBH-SAP (Poster; Tuesday, Nov 15, 2011, 8:00 AM – 9:00 AM)

608.16 Cholinergic reinforcement and temporal learning in rodent visual cortex

E B Roach, M G Hussain Shuler

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Poster; Tuesday, Nov 15, 2011, 11:00 AM -12:00 PM)

610.12 Cognitive performance-associated increases in cholinergic neurotransmission also serve as a circadian signal to sustain performance-induced diurnal activity patterns.

G Paolone, D Lamy, M Sarter, T Lee

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Poster; Tuesday, Nov 15, 2011, 11:00 AM -12:00 PM)

664.14 Cardiovascular dysfunction and cardiac injury result from selective glial damage in the nucleus tractus solitarii

W T Talman, D Nitschke Dragon, S Jones, S A Moore, L-H Lin

featuring IT-03 Anti-DBH-SAP, IT-11 SSP-SAP, IT-18 Mouse IgG-SAP, IT-21 Blank-SAP, PR-01 Saporin (Poster; Tuesday, Nov 15, 2011, 2:00 PM – 3:00 PM)

702.10 The role of descending facilitation in the initiation and maintenance of mechanical hypersensitivity following inflammation

F Carr, S M Géranton, S P Hunt

featuring IT-12 Dermorphin-SAP (Poster; Tuesday, Nov 15, 2011, 2:00 PM – 3:00 PM)

712.07 Arcuate NK3 receptor-expressing KNDy neurons are essential for estrogen modulation of LH secretion and body weight in the female rat [Read Abstracts]

M A Smith, H Williams, S J Krajewski, N T Mcmullen, N E Rance

featuring Experimental Material NKB-SAP, IT-21 Blank-SAP (Poster; Tuesday, Nov 15, 2011, 3:00 PM – 4:00 PM)

712.09 Ablation of NK3 receptor-expressing KNDy neurons in the rat arcuate nucleus using [MePhe⁷]Neurokinin B-Saporin [Read Abstracts]

S J Krajewski, M A Smith, H Williams, P Ciofi, J Y Lai, N T Mcmullen, N E Rance

featuring Experimental Material NKB-SAP, IT-21 Blank-SAP (Poster; Tuesday, Nov 15, 2011, 1:00 PM – 2:00 PM)

790.01 Alterations in gene expression following cortical cholinergic denervation in rats

S T Savage, L Olson, A Mattsson

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Poster; Wednesday, Nov 16, 2011, 8:00 AM – 9:00 AM)

804.14 Selective activation of dorsal horn inhibitory interneurons produces anti-nociception

R G Wiley, D A Lappi

featuring IT-56 Neurotensin-SAP, IT-60 Neurotensin-CTA(Poster; Wednesday, Nov 16, 2011, 9:00 AM -10:00 AM)

804.21 Consequences of the ablation of non-peptidergic nociceptive fibers on neurokinin-1 receptor expression by spinal lamina I neurons

A W Saeed, A Ribeiro-Da-Silva

featuring IT-10 IB4-SAP (Poster; Wednesday, Nov 16, 2011, 8:00 AM – 9:00 AM)

822.19 Leptin-receptor-expressing neurons in the non-preganglionic Edinger-Westphal nucleus regulate white and brown adipose tissue

T Kozicz, L Xu, B Geenen, B Gaszner, K Kovacs, E Roubos

featuring IT-47 Leptin-SAP, IT-21 Blank-SAP (Poster; Wednesday, Nov 16, 2011, 10:00 AM -11:00 AM)

878.08 Decrease of GABAergic markers and Arc protein expression in the frontal cortex by injection of intraventricular 192 IgG-saporin

D Jeong, W Chang, D Lee, J Chang

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Poster; Wednesday, Nov 16, 2011, 4:00 PM – 5:00 PM )

878.10 The effects of basal forebrain cholinergic neuron on novel object recognition

J Lee, D Jeong, J Chang

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Poster; Wednesday, Nov 16, 2011, 2:00 PM – 3:00 PM)

883.20 Norepinephrine denervation by dopamine beta-hydroxylase saporin impacts L-DOPA efficacy and side effects in a hemi-parkinsonian rat model

N S Bhide, S Dickinson, E Feinberg, M Mohamed, K Dupre, K Eskow-Jaunarajs, D Lindenbach, C Ostock, C Bishop

featuring IT-03 Anti-DBH-SAP (Poster; Wednesday, Nov 16, 2011, 4:00 PM – 5:00 PM)

901.09 The nucleus incertus contributes to the anxiety-like behaviour in rats

C Lee, R Rajkumar, S Suri, W M Chin, G S Dawe

featuring IT-13 CRF-SAP (Poster; Wednesday, Nov 16, 2011, 1:00 PM – 2:00 PM)

Awarded by ATS at Society for Neuroscience (SFN) November 12-16, 2011 • Washington, DC

712.07 Arcuate NK3 receptor-expressing KNDy neurons are essential for estrogen modulation of LH secretion and body weight in the female rat
M A Smith, H Williams, S J Krajewski, N T Mcmullen, N E Rance
featuring Experimental Material NKB-SAP, IT-21 Blank-SAP (Poster)

Arcuate kisspeptin, neurokinin B, and dynorphin (KNDy) neurons have been proposed to mediate estrogen negative feedback in multiple species. To determine if these neurons are essential for this feedback, we ablated KNDy neurons in the arcuate nucleus of female rats using [MePhe7]Neurokinin B, a selective NK3 receptor (NK3R) agonist, conjugated to Saporin ([MePhe7]NKB-SAP, Advanced Targeting Systems, San Diego, CA). The specificity of this conjugate for NK3R-expressing KNDy neurons is described in a separate abstract (see Krajewski et al., Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 2011). Twenty-four female rats were ovariectomized (OVX) and received bilateral arcuate microinjections of either [MePhe7]NKB-SAP or a scrambled peptide conjugated to Saporin (Blank-SAP controls). 20-23 days later, animals were implanted with s.c. silastic capsules containing 17β-estradiol (E2), and animals were sacrificed 11 days later. Blood samples for RIA of serum LH were taken at time of OVX and injections (baseline), 20-23 days post-OVX, and 11 days after E2-treatment. Because OVX and E2-treatment have well-described effects on body weight, animals were weighed at the same three time points.
In control animals, OVX induced a 13-fold rise in serum LH, which returned to baseline 11 days after E2 replacement. In contrast, OVX had no effect on serum LH in [MePhe7]NKB-SAP animals. There was a small decrease in serum LH 11 days after E2 replacement in [MePhe7]NKB-SAP animals, but the magnitude of this change was much less than seen in control animals. Control animals also exhibited a 20% increase in body weight 20-23 days after OVX, followed by a significant reduction after E2 replacement. Surprisingly, neither OVX nor E2 replacement affected body weight in [MePhe7]NKB-SAP-treated animals. Rather, these animals showed a steady increase in body weight throughout the experiment, at rates comparable to intact female rats or OVX rats treated with E2 (Williams et al., Endocrinology, 2010). Immunohistochemical studies showed near-complete destruction of KNDy neurons in the arcuate nucleus of [MePhe7]NKB-SAP animals. There was preservation of proopiomelanocortin and neuropeptide Y immunoreactivity in the arcuate nucleus and GnRH-immunoreactive fibers in the median eminence. These data provide compelling evidence that arcuate KNDy neurons play an essential role in estrogen negative feedback on LH secretion as well as the estrogen modulation of body weight.

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712.09 Ablation of NK3 receptor-expressing KNDy neurons in the rat arcuate nucleus using [MePhe⁷]Neurokinin B-Saporin
S J Krajewski, M A Smith, H Williams, P Ciofi, J Y Lai, N T Mcmullen, N E Rance
featuring Experimental Material NKB-SAP, IT-21 Blank-SAP (Poster)

A subpopulation of neurons expressing kisspeptin, neurokinin B and dynorphin (KNDy neurons) has been shown to reside within the arcuate nucleus of many mammalian species. Although these peptides are critical for reproductive function, the precise role of the arcuate KNDy neurons is not fully understood. Here we describe a method to ablate KNDy neurons based on their co-expression of the Neurokinin 3 receptor (NK3R, Burke et al., J. Comp. Neurol, 2006). Saporin, a molecular neurotoxin, was conjugated to [MePhe7]Neurokinin B, a selective NK3R agonist ([MePhe7]NKB-SAP, Advanced Targeting Systems, San Diego, CA). Binding studies revealed that the conjugation of saporin did not alter the affinity of [MePhe7]NKB to NK3R in rat cerebral cortex membranes. To investigate the specificity of this conjugate for ablation of NK3R neurons, stereotaxic surgery was used to bilaterally inject [MePhe7]NKB-SAP into the arcuate nucleus of female rats. Control rats were injected with saporin conjugated to a scrambled peptide (Blank-SAP, Advanced Targeting Systems). Rats were sacrificed 31-34 days later and the brains were processed for immunohistochemical studies. Nissl stained sections from [MePhe7]NKB-SAP-treated rats showed no signs of inflammation at the injection sites and no qualitative changes in cell density compared to Blank-SAP control rats. Immunohistochemistry revealed near-complete loss of NK3R-immunoreactive (ir) neurons throughout the arcuate nucleus of [MePhe7]NKB-SAP rats. When the injection site was dorsal to the arcuate nucleus, there was also variable loss of NK3R-ir cells in the lateral hypothalamus and zona incerta. In the arcuate nucleus, [MePhe7]NKB-SAP injections resulted in a 98% and 94% reduction in the number of kisspeptin and neurokinin B-ir neurons, respectively, compared to Blank-SAP controls. The number of dynorphin-ir neurons in the arcuate nucleus of [MePhe7]NKB-SAP-treated rats was reduced by 67%, a value consistent with the co-expression of NK3R on dynorphin neurons in our previous study (Burke et al., J. Comp. Neurol, 2006). In contrast, arcuate proopiomelanocortin and neuropeptide Y immunoreactivity were preserved in [MePhe7]NKB-SAP rats. Moreover, there was no difference in GnRH-ir fiber density in the median eminence between the two groups. These results document the utility of [MePhe7]NKB-SAP for selective ablation of NK3R-expressing KNDy neurons in rat hypothalamus. These rats were used to examine the role of KNDy neurons in the estrogen regulation of LH secretion and body weight in the female rat (see Smith et al., Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 2011).

A central role for BDNF and Sonic Hedgehog in controlling synaptic plasticity in motoneuron-depleted spinal cord

R. GULINO & M. GULISANO, University of Catania, Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Section of Physiology, Catania, Italy

Here, we measured the expression levels of several proteins involved in synaptic plasticity and motoneuronal function (ChAT, Synapsin-I, Shh, Notch-1, AMPA receptor subunits, NMDA receptor and BDNF) in a mouse SC lesion model obtained by intramuscular injection of Cholera toxin-B-saporin, which selectively kills motoneurons. (CTB-SAP, Cat. #IT-14)

Cholinergic denervation disrupts temporal learning in rodent visual cortex

E.B. ROACH & M.G. HUSSAIN SHULER, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Neuroscience, Baltimore, United States

Local cholinergic terminals were removed using the selective neurotoxin 192 IgG-saporin between contingency reversal. This manipulation tested the necessity of cholinergic innervation in two key processes: expressing previously learned reward timing and shifting reward timing to new behaviorally relevant intervals. (192-IgG-SAP, Cat. #IT-01)

The role of cholinergic cortical modulation in visual and olfactory attention using the 5-Choice serial reaction time task

V. LJUBOJEVIC, P. LUU & E. DE ROSA, 1) University of Toronto, Psychology, Toronto, Canada, 2) University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

After successful acquisition of both visual and olfactory task, the rats were subjected to either a cholinergic immunotoxic or sham lesion surgery of the NBM. Cholinergic deafferentation of the neocortical mantle was induced by bilaterally infusing the cholinergic immunotoxin, 192 IgG-saporin, into the NBM (0.2 μl of 0.2 μg/μl per site; two sites per hemisphere). (192-IgG-SAP, Cat. #IT-01)

The cholinergic basal forebrain in the ferret and its inputs to the auditory cortex

V.M. BAJO LORENZANA, N.D. LEACH, P.M. CORDERY, F.R. NODAL & A.J. KING, Univ Oxford, Physiol, Anat, Genetics, Oxford, UK

Projections from the NB to the auditory cortex were investigated by injecting tracers into the NB itself (n=5), or by applying tracer deposits to the surface of the auditory cortex (n=4). Tracers included Rhodamine, Fluorescein, Cascade Blue, as well as the cholinergic immunotoxin ME20.4-SAP. Both ME20.4-SAP injections in the auditory cortex and epipial tracer deposits revealed that NB provides the main cholinergic input to the cortex, and that this projection is predominantly ipsilateral. (ME20.4-SAP, Cat. #IT-15)

32.14/D20 Early post-natal cholinergic lesion impairs normal development and maturation of the motor cortex in rats

D Ramanathan, J M Conner, A A Anilkumar, M H Tuszynski

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Poster; Saturday, Nov. 13, 2:00 pm – 3:00 pm)

33.1/E1 Subplate neurons promote the formation of barrels within rat primary somatosensory cortex

A Sheikh, P O Kanold

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Poster; Saturday, Nov. 13, 2:00 pm – 3:00 pm)

99.27/KKK13 Cholinergic innervation of the hippocampus is not neccesary for episodic memory, but is required for context-place learning in rats

A Easton, D Phil, A Fitchett, M J Eacott, M G Baxter

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Poster; Saturday, Nov. 13, 3:00 pm – 4:00 pm)

145.5/H6 Decrease of Arc protein expression and delay of memory acquisition by immunolesion

D Jeong, D Lee, J Chang

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Poster; Sunday, Nov. 14, 8:00 am – 9:00 am)

349.8/J12 The effects of neonatal cholinergic lesion on age-related changes in behaviour, neurogenesis and CA1 pyramidal cell morphology

K E Rennie, M Frechette, B A Pappas

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Poster; Monday, Nov. 15, 11:00 am -12:00 pm)

506.12/LLL52 Mesolimbic-basal forebrain circuitry mediating the motivational activation of attention

M M St Peters, J P Bruno, M Sarter

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Poster; Monday, Nov. 15, 4:00 pm – 5:00 pm )

506.9/LLL49 Novel object recognition and social interaction in rats lacking cortical cholinergic innervation; comparing manual and digital video tracking systems

S T Savage, L Olson, A Mattsson

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Poster; Monday, Nov. 15, 1:00 pm – 2:00 pm)

535.8 Cholinergic modulation of both visual and olfactory attention with the five-choice serial reaction time test

V Ljubojevic,, P Luu, E De Rosa

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Nanosymposium; Tuesday, Nov. 16, 9:45 am -10:00 am )

611.16/MMM67 Effects of basal forebrain cholinergic lesions and estradiol on relative levels of estrogen receptor mRNAs in the rat forebrain

R Hammond, A Shinde, R B Gibbs

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP (Poster; Tuesday, Nov. 16, 11:00 am -12:00 pm)

710.23/NNN23 Donepezil enhances effects of estradiol on DMP acquisition in rats with partial loss of septal cholinergic neurons

R B Gibbs, A M Chipman, D Nelson

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP ( Halls B-H; Tuesday, Nov. 16, 3:00 pm – 4:00 pm )

856.27/I33 Molsidomine promotes the recovery of cognitive deficit induced by 192 IgG saporin in rats

M A Hernandez, M Hernández-Melesio, D Gonzalez-Ezquivel, L Quevedo-Corona, M Jiménez-Cataño, M Santoyo-Pérez, C Rios-Castañeda, F Pérez-Severiano

featuring IT-01 192-IgG-SAP ( Halls B-H; Wednesday, Nov. 17, 3:00 pm – 4:00 pm )

90.7/FFF13 Anxiety-like behavior in the elevated plus maze (EPMZ) depends on noradrenergic (NA) inputs to the anterolateral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (alBST) in rats

H Zheng, L M Rinaman

featuring IT-03 Anti-DBH-SAP (Poster; Saturday, Nov. 13, 3:00 pm – 4:00 pm)

157.20/R1 Time- and dose-response of 6-hydroxydopamine on locus coeruleus noradrenegric neurons in c57bl/6 mice

P Szot, A Franklin, S White, M Raskind

featuring IT-03 Anti-DBH-SAP (Poster; Sunday, Nov. 14, 11:00 am – 12:00 pm)

392.14/III1 Hindbrain catecholamine neurons are required for rapid switching of metabolic substrate utilization during glucoprivation

A-J Li, Q Wang, T T Dinh, S Ritter

featuring IT-03 Anti-DBH-SAP (Poster; Monday, Nov. 15, 9:00 am -10:00 am)

833.3 Defining the role of norepinephrine in cannabinoid-induced aversion and anxiety

A F Carvalho, E Van Bockstaele

featuring IT-03 Anti-DBH-SAP (Nanosymposium; Wednesday, Nov. 17, 1:30 pm – 1:45 pm )

694.11/HHH34 Patterning of somatosympathetic reflexes: Identification of distinct bulbospinal sympathoexcitatory RVLM projections by conduction velocity and catecholamine phenotype

P G Burke, J Neale, W S Korim, S Mcmullan, P M Pilowsky, A K Goodchild

featuring IT-03 Anti-DBH-SAP; IT-18 Mouse IgG-SAP (Poster; Tuesday, Nov. 16, 3:00 pm – 4:00 pm)

81.21/VV19 Carageenan evoked P-Akt in deep dorsal horn neurons is prevented by loss of neurokinin1 positive neurons in superficial dorsal horn

L S Sorkin, J-I Choi, F J Koehrn

featuring IT-11 SSP-SAP (Poster; Saturday, Nov. 13, 1:00 pm – 2:00 pm)

99.26/KKK12 The role of GABA-ergic interneurons in CA1 and dentate gyrus for sequence learning

C S Weeden, A M Morris, C A Rossi, J M Roberts, R P Kesner,

featuring IT-11 SSP-SAP (Poster; Saturday, Nov. 13, 2:00 pm – 3:00 pm)

678.15/QQ2 NK-1 Receptors in the RVM: Involvement in hyperalgesia produced by naloxone but not in morphine analgesia

S G Khasabov, P M Fliss, A S Rao, D A Simone

featuring IT-11 SSP-SAP (Poster; Tuesday, Nov. 16, 3:00 pm – 4:00 pm )

811.1/LLL64 Evidence that focal hippocampal interneuron loss disrupts theta-rhythm activity in dorsal CA1

C A Rossi, M J Lehmkhule, R P Kesner, F E Dudek

featuring IT-11 SSP-SAP (Poster; Wednesday, Nov. 17, 8:00 am – 9:00 am)

585.5/XX19 Neuropeptide receptor co-expression in superficial dorsal horn: Effects of galanin-saporin, neuropeptide y-saporin and dermorphin-saporin

L L Lemons,, K Chatterjee, R G Wiley

featuring IT-12 Dermorphin-SAP; IT-34 Galanin-SAP; IT-28 NPY-SAP (Poster; Tuesday, Nov. 16, 8:00 am – 9:00 am )

585.1/XX15 Targeting inhibitory neurons in the superficial dorsal horn: Somatostatin-saporin

K Chatterjee, L L Lemons, R G Wiley

featuring IT-13 CRF-SAP; Custom Conjugate Somatostatin-SAP (Poster; Tuesday, Nov. 16, 8:00 am – 9:00 am )

259.19/W12 The recovery of locomotion after lumbar spinal cord motoneuron depletion is affected by the modulation of Sonic Hedgehog and Notch-1 pathways

R Gulino, M Gulisano

featuring IT-14 CTB-SAP (Poster; Sunday, Nov. 14, 3:00 pm – 4:00 pm)

331.5/B19 Functional cholinergic neurons from human embryonic stem cells

Y Liu, R Krencik, H Liu, L Ma, X Zhang, S-C Zhang

featuring IT-16 mu p75-SAP (Poster; Monday, Nov. 15, 8:00 am – 9:00 am)

856.15/I21 The effects of a combination of antioxidants and essential fatty acids as treatment for Alzheimer’s disease in the mu-p75 saporin-injected model

J J Matchynski, S A Lowrance, J Rossignol, N W Dekorver, N D Puckett, C A Pappas, K J Trainor, J L Delongchamp, J Radwan, J C Heldt, N D Dey, G L Dunbar

featuring IT-16 mu p75-SAP ( Halls B-H; Wednesday, Nov. 17, 3:00 pm – 4:00 pm )

856.8/I14 Krx-0501 reduces cognitive deficits in a saporin mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

S A Lowrance, J J Matchynski, J Rossignol, N Dekorver, K Fink, P Salibi, G L Dunbar

featuring IT-16 mu p75-SAP ( Halls B-H; Wednesday, Nov. 17, 4:00 pm – 5:00 pm )

648.16/H17 The arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus controls the circadian distribution of sleep and feeding

M F Wiater, S Mukherjee, T T Dinh, E Rooney, A-J Li, S M Simasko, S Ritter

featuring IT-28 NPY-SAP; IT-21 Blank-SAP (Poster; Tuesday, Nov. 16, 4:00 pm – 5:00 pm)

175.22/MM12 Decreasing abnormal nocifensive responses in the bilateral chronic constriction injury (bCCI) model of neuropathic pain: Effects of lumbar intrathecal CCK-saporin

S Datta, K Chatterjee, R Wiley

featuring IT-31 CCK-SAP (Halls B-H; Sunday, Nov. 14, 9:00 am – 10:00 am)

611.13/MMM64 Damage of GABAergic neurons in the medial septum-diagonal band (MSDB) reduces behaviorally-activated hippocampal acetylcholine efflux and impairs spatial working memory

J J Roland, K L Janke, L M Savage, R J Servatius, K C H Pang

featuring IT-32 GAT1-SAP (Poster; Tuesday, Nov. 16, 8:00 am – 9:00 am )

806.16/KKK21 Role of the septohippocampal GABAergic system in spatial orientation

J R Koppen, S S Winter, J L Cheatwood, D G Wallace

featuring IT-32 GAT1-SAP (Poster; Wednesday, Nov. 17, 11:00 am -12:00 pm)

811.3/LLL66 Do GAT1-saporin lesions of the medial septum damage GABAergic afferents to the medial septum?

M Gielow, J Roland, R J Servatius, K C H Pang

featuring IT-32 GAT1-SAP (Poster; Wednesday, Nov. 17, 10:00 am -11:00 am )

678.9/PP14 Morphine-induced pain hypersensitivity, but not opioid tolerance, depends on microglia-mediated alteration of Cl- homeostasis in spinal dorsal horn

F Ferrini,, T-A M Mattioli, L-E Lorenzo, A Godin, P W Wiseman, A Ribeiro-Da-Silva, C M Cahill, B Milne, Y De Koninck

featuring IT-33 Mac-1-SAP rat (Poster; Tuesday, Nov. 16, 1:00 pm – 2:00 pm )

300.28/KKK36 Lesioning of the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus alters isoflurane-induced hypnosis in a time-dependent fashion

J T Moore, H S Mccarren, S G Beck, M B Kelz

featuring IT-34 Galanin-SAP (Poster; Sunday, Nov. 14, 4:00 pm – 5:00 pm)

176.2/OO4 Gastrin-releasing peptide receptor in the spinal cord mediates mechanical allodynia following nerve injury

C Li, S Back, J Lee, S K Baek, H Na

featuring IT-40 Bombesin-SAP (Poster; Sunday, Nov. 14, 11:00 am -12:00 pm)

498.6/III29 Leptin-saporin lesion of hypothalamic arcuate neurons impairs circadian feeding rhythms

A-J Li, T T Dinh, Q Wang, M F Wiater, S Ritter

featuring IT-47 Leptin-SAP (Poster; Monday, Nov. 15, 2:00 pm – 3:00 pm)

733.6 Leptin-saporin lesions of the arcuate nucleus induce an arrhythmic circadian feeding pattern

M F Wiater, M Oostrom, R Barfield, T T Dinh, A-J Li, S Ritter

featuring IT-47 Leptin-SAP; IT-21 Blank-SAP (Nanosymposium; Wednesday, Nov. 17, 9:15 am – 9:30 am )

585.2/XX16 Targeting inhibitory neurons in the superficial dorsal horn: Neurotensin-saporin (NTS-sap) and neurotensin-cholera toxin A subunit (NTS-CTA)

R G Wiley, L L Lemons, K Chatterjee

featuring IT-56 Neurotensin-SAP; Custom Conjugate Neurotensin-CTA (Poster; Tuesday, Nov. 16, 9:00 am -10:00 am)