Elimination of NPYR+ Neurons with NPY-Saporin : A Review of the Literature Patrick A. Shramm, Denise Higgins, Douglas A. Lappi • Advanced Targeting Systems, Carlsbad, CA Abstract Introduction: NPY-SAP is a conjugate of Neuropeptide Y and the ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) saporin. The idea behind the invention of NPY-SAP is to introduce it using the ligand’s […]

Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) contain melanopsin. The ipRGCs, with their amazing long processes, are involved in the perception of light and dark and are circadian rhythm determinants. Anti-Melanopsin staining on either flat-mount or cross-section staining of mouse retina.

A rapid, pH-sensitive screening method to detect internalization of cell surface markers for development of antibody-based pharmaceuticals to treat brain tumors. Shramm PA, Ancheta L, Higgins D, Lappi DA (2017) Society for Neuroscience, Washington, DC. Abstract Some of the most recent successes in the treatment of cancers have been from antibodies to cell surface proteins

Streptavidin-pHast: A readily conjugatable, pH-sensitive dye to screen for internalization Shramm PA, Ancheta L (2019) Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting, Atlanta GA. Abstract The quick and efficient screening of targeting agents that internalize effectively is vital for determining suitability as potential therapeutics. Some of the most recent successes in the

Targeted Toxins for Neuroscience Antibody Screening for Neuroscience There is a growing need for therapeutics for cancer, autoimmune diseases, blood diseases and Alzheimer’s disease. Due to their ability to bind to a specific target antigen, monoclonal antibodies are increasingly being screened for therapeutic drug development. In May 2021, the FDA approved the 100th monoclonal antibody