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2021 Targeting Trends Review
Cyclodextrins based delivery systems for macro biomolecules
Liu J, Ding X, Fu Y, Xiang C, Yuan Y, Zhang Y, Yu P (2021) Cyclodextrins based delivery systems for macro biomolecules. Eur J Med Chem 212:113105. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.113105
Related Products: Saporin (Cat. #PR-01)
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Bone marrow-derived myeloid progenitors in the leptomeninges of adult mice
Koeniger T, Bell L, Mifka A, Enders M, Hautmann V, Mekala SR, Kirchner P, Ekici AB, Schulz C, Wörsdörfer P, Mencl S, Kleinschnitz C, Ergün S, Kuerten S (2021) Bone marrow-derived myeloid progenitors in the leptomeninges of adult mice. Stem Cells 39(2):227-239. doi: 10.1002/stem.3311
Summary: This report confirms the presence of myeloid progenitors at the meningeal border of the brain and lays the foundation to unravel their possible functions in CNS surveillance and local immune cell production. Compared to bone marrow transfer after whole-body irradiation, chimerism developed more slowly in the CD45-SAP (biotinylated anti-CD45 mixed with Streptavidin-ZAP) model and only reached around 50% in the blood myeloid compartment 15 weeks after transplantation.
Related Products: Streptavidin-ZAP (Cat. #IT-27)
Identification of prostaglandin F2 receptor negative regulator (PTGFRN) as an internalizable target in cancer cells for antibody-drug conjugate development
Marquez J, Dong J, Dong C, Tian C, Serrero G (2021) Identification of prostaglandin F2 receptor negative regulator (PTGFRN) as an internalizable target in cancer cells for antibody-drug conjugate development. PLoS One 16(1):e0246197. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246197
Summary: PTGFRN is a cell-surface protein that is upregulated in certain cancer types, including head and neck and, notably, pediatric medulloblastoma, an aggressive cancer with limited therapeutic options. With the selection of the mouse monoclonal antibody 33B7, the authors identified PTGFRN as a potential therapy target, and show that it is internalized by incubation with 33B7. Purified 33B7 antibody was sent to Advanced Targeting Systems where saporin was directly conjugated to the Fc region of 33B7 using their proprietary cleavable linker.
Usage: In a 96-well plate, 2000 cells/well were plated in triplicate in 100 μL of DMEM/F12 medium supplemented with 2.5% FBS, 0.4 ug/ml 33B7 antibody, and 0.9ug/ml of Fab-ZAP mouse. As an isotype control, cells were incubated with mouse Fab IgG-SAP as control (instead of 33B7) and Fab-ZAP.
Related Products: Fab-ZAP mouse (Cat. #IT-48), Fab IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-67), Custom Conjugates
Phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of Saponaria officinalis L.: A review
Chandra S, Rawat D, Bhatt A (2021) Phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of Saponaria officinalis L.: A review. Notulae Scientia Biologicae 13(1):10809. doi: 10.15835/nsb13110809
Related Products: Saporin (Cat. #PR-01)
Disruption of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons after traumatic brain injury does not compromise environmental enrichment-mediated cognitive benefits.
Moschonas EH, Leary JB, Memarzadeh K, Bou-Abboud CE, Folweiler KA, Monaco CM, Bondi CO (2021) Disruption of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons after traumatic brain injury does not compromise environmental enrichment-mediated cognitive benefits. Brain Res 1751:147175. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147175
Objective: To determine if basal forebrain cholinergic neurons are important mediators of environmental enrichment (EE)-induced benefits after traumatic brain injury.
Summary: These data show that despite significant medial septal ChAT+ cell loss, the EE-mediated benefit in cognitive recovery is not compromised.
Usage: 0.22 μg/1.0 μL 192-IgG-SAP was infused over 5 min at a rate of 0.2 μL/min.
Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01)
Oxytocin influences male sexual activity via non-synaptic axonal release in the spinal cord.
Oti T, Satoh K, Uta D, Nagafuchi J, Tateishi S, Ueda R, Takanami K, Young LJ, Galione A, Morris JF, Sakamoto T, Sakamoto H (2021) Oxytocin influences male sexual activity via non-synaptic axonal release in the spinal cord. Curr Biol 31(1):103-114.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.09.089
Summary: Oxytocin directly activates SEG (Spinal Ejaculation Generator)/GRP (Gastrin-Releasing Peptide) neurons via OXTRs (Oxytocin Receptors) and influences male sexual function in the rat lumbar spinal cord.
Usage: Oxytocin-SAP (4 or 40 ng) was infused slowly into the L3 and L4 spinal cord. Blank-SAP was used as control.
Related Products: Oxytocin-SAP (Cat. #IT-46), Blank-SAP (Cat. #IT-21)
Loss of cholinergic innervation differentially affects eNOS-mediated blood flow, drainage of Aβ and cerebral amyloid angiopathy in the cortex and hippocampus of adult mice
Nizari S, Wells JA, Carare RO, Romero IA, Hawkes CA (2021) Loss of cholinergic innervation differentially affects eNOS-mediated blood flow, drainage of Aβ and cerebral amyloid angiopathy in the cortex and hippocampus of adult mice. Acta Neuropathol Commun 9(1):12. doi: 10.1186/s40478-020-01108-z
Summary: In this report, icv administration of mu p75-SAP resulted in significant death of cholinergic neurons and fibres in the medial septum, cortex and hippocampus of C57BL/6 mice. This study supports the importance of the interrelationship between cholinergic innervation and vascular function in the etiology and/or progression of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and suggests that combined endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)/cholinergic therapies may improve the efficiency of Aβ removal from the brain and reduce its deposition as CAA.
Usage: mu p75-SAP (0.596 μg/μl) was injected into the left and right lateral ventricles.
Related Products: mu p75-SAP (Cat. #IT-16)
Lesions of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis (Meynert) induce enhanced somatosensory responses and tactile hypersensitivity in rats.
Dezawa S, Nagasaka K, Watanabe Y, Takashima I (2021) Lesions of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis (Meynert) induce enhanced somatosensory responses and tactile hypersensitivity in rats. Exp Neurol 335:113493. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113493
Summary: The authors used 192-IgG-SAP to produce a selective cholinergic lesion in the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) of rats and investigated whether the NBM lesion led to tactile hypersensitivity in the forepaw. Results suggest that neuronal loss in the NBM diminishes acetylcholine actions in the S1, thereby enhancing the cortical representation of sensory stimuli, which may in turn lead to behavioral hypersensitivity.
Usage: The lesion group received injection of 0.3 μL of 192-IgG-SAP into the left nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM).
Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01)
Plant-virus infection inhibitors: The great potential of Caryophyllales species
Duarte L, Alexandre M, Chaves A, Santos D, deSouza A, Bernacci L (2021) Plant-virus infection inhibitors: The great potential of Caryophyllales species. Physiol Mol Plant Pathol 113:101597. doi: 10.1016/j.pmpp.2020.101597
Related Products: Saporin (Cat. #PR-01)
Comparative effects of angiotensin II on the contractility of muscularis mucosae and detrusor in the pig urinary bladder.
Lim I, Mitsui R, Kameda M, Sellers DJ, Chess‐Williams R, Hashitani H (2021) Comparative effects of angiotensin II on the contractility of muscularis mucosae and detrusor in the pig urinary bladder. Neurourol Urodyn 40:102-111. doi: 10.1002/nau.24548 PMID: 33074588
Objective: To explore contractile actions of angiotensin II (AT2) on the muscularis mucosae (MM) of the bladder.
Summary: The MM appears to have great sensitivity to AT2, suggesting that MM may be the predominant target of contractile actions induced by AT2 in the bladder.
Usage: Induction of contractions with Anti-AT2R (1 nM – 1 µM). Immunofluorescence (10-100 pM).
Related Products: Angiotensin II receptor (AT-2R) Rabbit Polyclonal, affinity-purified (Cat. #AB-N28AP)