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Exercise promotes recovery after motoneuron injury via hormonal mechanisms.
Chew C, Sengelaub DR (2020) Exercise promotes recovery after motoneuron injury via hormonal mechanisms. Neural Regen Res 15(8):1373-1376. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.274323
Objective: To describe how exercise is neuroprotective for motoneurons, accelerating axon regeneration following axotomy and attenuating dendritic atrophy following the death of neighboring motoneurons.
Summary: Exercise offers a simple, low barrier-to-entry behavioral intervention which is neuroprotective and pro-regenerative following neural injury.
Usage: Motoneurons innervating the left vastus medialis muscle were selectively killed by intramuscular injection of CTB-SAP (2 μL, 0.1%).
Related Products: CTB-SAP (Cat. #IT-14)
Superior mouse eosinophil depletion in vivo targeting transgenic Siglec-8 instead of endogenous Siglec-F: Mechanisms and pitfalls.
Knuplez E, Krier-Burris R, Cao Y, Marsche G, O’Sullivan J, Bochner BS (2020) Superior mouse eosinophil depletion in vivo targeting transgenic Siglec-8 instead of endogenous Siglec-F: Mechanisms and pitfalls. J Leukoc Biol 108:43-58. doi: 10.1002/jlb.3hi0120-381r
Objective: To determine if targeting Siglec-8 with mouse IgG1 antibodies, rather than targeting Siglec-F with rat IgG antibodies, in mice transgenic for Siglec-8, will prove to be a more effective strategy for eliminating mouse eosinophils in vivo.
Summary: This study is the first to describe a novel mouse strain of Siglec-8+F− eosinophils—a useful tool for studying human Siglec biology in preclinical models.
Usage: Siglec-8+F− mouse eosinophils were pretreated with 10 μg/mL saporin-conjugated isotype controls (mouse IgG1 or rat IgG2), anti-Siglec-8 (2C4) or anti-Siglec-F (9C7) antibodies for 24 h.
Related Products: Custom Conjugates
Integration of peripheral and central systems in control of ingestive and reproductive behavior
Schneider J (2020) Integration of peripheral and central systems in control of ingestive and reproductive behavior. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Neuroscience . Oxford University Press doi: 10.1093/acrefore/9780190264086.013.23
Summary: Highly glucose-sensitive cells in the ventrolateral medulla send catecholaminergic projections to the PVH. These projections can be selectively destroyed by Anti-DBH-SAP “DSAP” experiments show that catecholaminergic projections from glucose-sensitive cells in the ventrolateral medulla are necessary for all responses to glucoprivation, including increases in epinephrine secretion, glucocorticoid secretion, sex behavior, and food intake.
Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03)
Increased expression of connexin 43 in a mouse model of spinal motoneuronal loss
Spitale FM, Vicario N, Rosa MD, Tibullo D, Vecchio M, Gulino R, Parenti R (2020) Increased expression of connexin 43 in a mouse model of spinal motoneuronal loss. Aging (Albany NY) 12(13):12598-12608. doi: 10.18632/aging.103561 PMID: 32579130
Objective: To investigate the role of the main astroglial gap junctions (GJs)-forming connexin, Cx43, in human Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and the effects of focal spinal cord motoneuronal depletion onto the resident glial cells and Cx43 levels.
Summary: The data support the hypothesis that motoneuronal depletion may affect glial activity, which in turn results in reactive Cx43 expression, further promoting neuronal suffering and degeneration.
Usage: 12 μg of CTB-SAP injected into the left gastrocnemius muscle of mice to establish a model of spinal motoneuronal depletion.
Related Products: CTB-SAP (Cat. #IT-14)
Exaggerated postnatal surge of orexin and the effects of elimination of excess orexin on blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats in postnatal development
Barnett S, Dong R, Briggs L, Moushey A, Li A (2020) Exaggerated postnatal surge of orexin and the effects of elimination of excess orexin on blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats in postnatal development. bioRxiv 2020.06.17.158279. doi: 10.1101/2020.06.17.158279
Related Products: Orexin-B-SAP (Cat. #IT-20)
Central circuit mechanisms of itch.
Chen XJ, Sun YG (2020) Central circuit mechanisms of itch. Nat Commun 11:3052. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-16859-5
Summary: The authors summarize the progress in elucidating the neural circuit mechanism of itch at spinal and supraspinal levels.
Related Products: SSP-SAP (Cat. #IT-11)
Identification of multiple targets in the fight against Alzheimer’s disease
Giannoni P, Fossati S, Claeysen S, Marcello E, eds (2020) Identification of multiple targets in the fight against Alzheimer’s disease. Front Aging Neurosci 12:169. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00169
Summary: A collection of 20 articles that depict a broad representation of the most impactful advances in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) comprehension and therapeutic openings.
Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01), mu p75-SAP (Cat. #IT-16)
GRP receptor and AMPA receptor cooperatively regulate itch-responsive neurons in the spinal dorsal horn.
Kiguchi N, Uta D, Ding H, Uchida H, Saika F, Matsuzaki S, Fukazawa Y, Abe M, Sakimura K, Ko MC, Kishioka S (2020) GRP receptor and AMPA receptor cooperatively regulate itch-responsive neurons in the spinal dorsal horn. Neuropharmacology 170:108025. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108025
Objective: To investigate the mechanisms for the activation of itch-responsive GRPR+ neurons in the spinal dorsal horn (SDH).
Summary: These findings demonstrate that GRP and glutamate cooperatively regulate GRPR+ AMPAR+ neurons in SDH, mediating itch sensation. GRP–GRPR and the glutamate–AMPAR system may play pivotal roles in the spinal transmission of itch in rodents and nonhuman primates.
Usage: Bombesin-SAP and Blank-SAP were administered i.t. (5 μg/5 μl).
Related Products: Bombesin-SAP (Cat. #IT-40), Blank-SAP (Cat. #IT-21)
A common neuronal mechanism of hypertension and sleep disturbances in spontaneously hypertensive rats: Role of orexinergic neurons.
Cui S-Y, Huang Y-L, Cui X-Y, Zhao H-L, Hu X, Liu Y-T, Qin Y, Kurban N, Zhang Y-H (2020) A common neuronal mechanism of hypertension and sleep disturbances in spontaneously hypertensive rats: Role of orexinergic neurons. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 100:109902. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.109902
Objective: To investigate dynamic changes in sleep patterns during the development of hypertension.
Summary: Although the correlation between sleep disturbances and hypertension is very complex, common mechanisms may underlie these comorbidities.
Usage: Orexin-B-SAP (HCRT2-SAP) was administered in two injections/side (100 and 200 ng/0.5 μl/injection).
Related Products: Orexin-B-SAP (Cat. #IT-20)
A role for neurokinin 1 receptor expressing neurons in the paratrigeminal nucleus in bradykinin-evoked cough in guinea-pigs.
Driessen AK, McGovern AE, Behrens R, Moe AAK, Farrell MJ, Mazzone SB (2020) A role for neurokinin 1 receptor expressing neurons in the paratrigeminal nucleus in bradykinin-evoked cough in guinea-pigs. J Physiol 598(11):2257-2275. doi: 10.1113/JP279644
Objective: This study aimed to assess the involvement of paratrigeminal neurokinin 1 receptor neurons in the regulation of cough, breathing and airway defensive responses.
Summary: These findings warrant further investigations into targeting the jugular ganglia and paratrigeminal nucleus as a therapy for treating cough in disease.
Usage: Targeted toxin lesions across three sites of the paratrigeminal nucleus (200nl per injection site).
Related Products: SSP-SAP (Cat. #IT-11)