References

Zielinski M, Gerashchenko D (2017) Sleep-inducing effect of substance P-cholera toxin A subunit in mice. Neurosci Lett 659:44-47.. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.08.066

Objective: To determine the effects of selectively activating SP-expressing brain cells on sleep regulation in mice.

Summary: ICV administration of SP-CTA produces increased amounts of NREM sleep but induces sleep fragmentation.

Usage: 1 mcg/mcl icv.

Related Products: SP-CTA (Cat. #IT-39)

Komatsu N, Mitsui K, Kusano-Arai O, Iwanari H, Hoshi K, Takato T, Abe T, Hamakubo T (2017) Enhancement of anti-Robo1 immunotoxin cytotoxicity to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma via photochemical internalization. Arch Can Res 5:157-163. doi: 10.21767/2254-6081.100157

Objective: To screen a monoclonal antibody to Robo1, an axon guidance receptor, for its suitability to target various cancers.

Summary: Conventional treatment exhibited an inadequate cytotoxic effect. With the addition of a photosensitizer and LED light illumination, the cytotoxic effect was remarkably improved.

Usage: Saporin-conjugated anti-Robo1 and Saporin-conjugated negative control antibody were prepared by incubating 2 mcl of 1.1 micromolar Streptavidin-ZAP (Biotin Z Internalization Kit) and 2 mcl of 1.1 micromolar biotinylated antibody for 30 min at room temperature.

Related Products: Streptavidin-ZAP (Cat. #IT-27)

Rosen S, Ham B, Drouin S, Boachie N, Chabot-Dore A, Austin J, Diatchenko L, Mogil J (2017) T-cell mediation of pregnancy analgesia affecting chronic pain in mice. J Neurosci 37:9819-9827.. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2053-17.2017

Related Products: Mac-1-SAP mouse/human (Cat. #IT-06)

Schiroli G, Ferrari S, Conway A, Jacob A, Capo V, Albano L, Plati T, Castiello M, Sanvito F, Gennery A, Bovolenta C, Palchaudhuri R, Scadden D, Holmes M, Villa A, Sitia G, Lombardo A, Genovese P, Naldini L (2017) Preclinical modeling highlights the therapeutic potential of hematopoietic stem cell gene editing for correction of SCID-X1. Sci Transl Med 9(411):eaan0820. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aan0820

Objective: To study potential approaches to gene therapy in mouse models of severe combined immunodeficiency.

Summary: The threshold of IL2RG gene editing can be reached for safe and efficient correction of SCID-X1 established in a preclinical model in human long-term repopulating HSPCs.

Usage: Biotinylated Anti-CD45 was mixed equimolar to Streptavidin-ZAP and administered as a single dose which caused substantial depletion (~70%) of the HSPC compartments and milder depletion of the more mature cell populations.

Related Products: Streptavidin-ZAP (Cat. #IT-27), Anti-CD45.2-SAP (Cat. #IT-91)

Therapeutic Potential of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Gene Editing

Cai S, Tsui YP, Tam KW, Shea GK, Chang RS, Ao Q, Shum DK, Chan YS (2017) Directed differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells to fate-committed schwann cells. Stem Cell Reports 9(4):1097-1108. doi: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.08.004 PMID: 28890164

Objective: To create a protocol for in vitro derivation of fate-committed Schwann cells (SCs) from human bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs).

Summary: This study demonstrates that the human bone marrow harbors neuro-ectodermal progenitors that can be enriched, expanded, and directed to differentiate into functionally mature, fate-committed SCs.

Usage: IF (1:500) and WB (1:500)

Related Products: NGFR (mu p75) Rabbit Polyclonal, affinity-purified (Cat. #AB-N01AP)

Esko JD, Stanley P (2017) Glycosylation mutants of cultured mammalian cells. (eds. Varki A, Cummings RD, Esko JD, Stanley P, Hart GW, Aebi M, Darvill AG, Kinoshita T, Packer NH, Prestegard JH, Schnaar RL, Seeberger PH). In: Essentials of Glycobiology Chapter 49. Cold Spring Harbor (NY): Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press doi: 10.1101/glycobiology.3e.049

Related Products: FGF-SAP (Cat. #IT-38)

Diepenbroek C, Quinn D, Stephens R, Zollinger B, Anderson S, Pan A, de Lartigue G (2017) Validation and characterization of a novel method for selective vagal deafferentation of the gut. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 313:G342-G352. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00095.2017

Objective: To develop a new method that allows targeted lesioning of vagal afferent neurons that innervate the upper GI tract while sparing vagal efferent neurons.

Summary: CCK-SAP ablates a subpopulation of VAN in culture. In vivo, CCK-SAP injection into the NG reduces VAN innervating the mucosal and muscular layers of the stomach and small intestine but not the colon, while leaving vagal efferent neurons intact.

Usage: In vitro: each well was treated with a different dose of saporin conjugates (0, 2.4, 24, or 240 ng) for 24 h. In vivo: An equal volume (rat: 1 µl; mouse: 0.5 µl) of CCK-SAP (250 ng/µl) or Saporin (250 ng/µl) was injected at two sites rostral and caudal to the laryngeal nerve branch.

Related Products: CCK-SAP (Cat. #IT-31)

Mu D, Sun Y-G (2017) Itch induces conditioned place aversion in mice. Neuroscience Letters 658:91-96.. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.08.046

Summary: Consistently, ablation of itch‐specific neurons that express gastrin‐releasing peptide receptor in the spinal cord also abolished itch‐induced Conditioned Place Aversion (CPA), confirming that itch‐induced CPA is dependent on the spinal itch circuit.

Usage: Mice were given a single intrathecal injection (400 ng/5 μl each) of Bombesin-SAP (Cat. #IT-40) or Control Blank-SAP (Cat. #IT-21).

Related Products: Bombesin-SAP (Cat. #IT-40), Blank-SAP (Cat. #IT-21)

Murtazina AR, Dilmukhametova LK, Nikishina YO, Sapronova AY, Volina EV, Ugrumov MV (2017) Changes in the secretory activity of organs producing noradrenaline upon inhibition of its synthesis in neonatal rat brain. Russ J Dev Biol 48:295-300.. doi: 10.1134/S1062360417050058

Summary: This study demonstrates that synthesis of noradrenaline after destruction of noradrenergic neurons was switched off by stereotactically injecting Anti-DBH-SAP (0.5 μg/2 μL; Cat #IT-03) into the lateral brain ventricle of neonatal rats. Forty-eight hours after treatment, expression of the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) gene in the brain was 56% higher, 53% higher in the adrenal glands, and 55.8% higher in the organ of Zuckerkandl as compared to control (2 μL of 0.9% NaCl).

Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03)

Challet E (2017) Circadian aspects of adipokine regulation in rodents. Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 31:573-582. doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2017.09.003

Summary: This paper reviews reciprocal links between the circadian clocks and rhythmic secretion of leptin, and discusses the metabolic impact of circadian desynchronization and altered rhythmic leptin.  The authors report that leptin is well-known to modulate the timing of food intake by its anorectic effects mostly mediated by the arcuate nuclei of the hypothalamus.  They cite a report by Li et al. demonstrating damage to the arcuate neurons expressing leptin receptors by local injections of Leptin-SAP (Cat. #IT-47) leads to hyperphagia coupled to arrhythmic pattern of feeding.

Related Products: Leptin-SAP (Cat. #IT-47)

See Also:

• Li AJ et al. Leptin-sensitive neurons in the arcuate nuclei contribute to endogenous feeding rhythms. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 302(11):R1313-26, 2012.