References

Oliveira LM, Moreira TS, Takakura AC (2018) Raphe pallidus is not important to central chemoreception in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease. Neuroscience 369:350-362. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.11.038

Objective: To investigate if serotonin-expressing neurons in the Raphe pallidus/parapyramidal region (RPa/PPy) are also involved in the modulation of breathing during central chemoreception activation in a PD animal model.

Related Products: Anti-SERT-SAP (Cat. #IT-23), Saporin (Cat. #PR-01)

Hamano S, Tomokiyo A, Hasegawa D, Yoshida S, Sugii H, Mitarai H, Fujino S, Wada N, Maeda H (2017) Extracellular matrix from periodontal ligament cells could induce the differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells to periodontal ligament stem cell-like cells. Stem Cells Dev 27:100-111. doi: 10.1089/scd.2017.0077 PMID: 29160151

Usage: Immunofluorescence staining (1:200 dilution)

Related Products: NGFr (ME20.4, p75) Mouse Monoclonal (Cat. #AB-N07)

Trifunovic S, Manojlovic-Stojanoski M, Nestorovic N, Ristic N, Sosic-Jurjevic B, Pendovski L, Milosevic V (2018) Histological and morphofunctional parameters of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system are sensitive to daidzein treatment in the adult rat. Acta Histochem 120:129-135. doi: 10.1016/j.acthis.2017.12.006 PMID: 29338944

Related Products: Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Rabbit Polyclonal (Cat. #AB-02)

Cua S, Tan HL, Fong WJ, Chin A, Lau A, Ding V, Song Z, Yang Y, Choo A (2018) Targeting of embryonic annexin A2 expressed on ovarian and breast cancer by the novel monoclonal antibody 2448. Oncotarget 9:13206-13221. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.24152

Objective: To develop mAbs to potentially target oncofetal antigens and be repurposed for antibody or antibody drug conjugate (ADC) therapy.

Summary: The novel IgG1, 2448, was shown to target a unique glycosylated surface epitope on ANXA2. As a possible therapeutic candidate for ovarian and breast cancer, 2448 demonstrated anti-tumor activity via two independent mechanisms of action.

Usage: Cells were seeded in 96-well plates at 1000 or 2000 cells/well. Primary antibody, 2448 or ch2448 (10 μg/mL) was pre-mixed with appropriate secondary saporin conjugate, Mab-ZAP or Hum-ZAP.  The most significant decreases in cell viability (20% to 60%) were observed against the epithelial IGROV1 and MCF7 cell lines.  ATS created a Custom ADC by direct conjugation of saporin to ch2448 (ch2448-SAP).  As a control, an isotype chimeric IgG was also conjugated to saporin (IgG-SAP). Compared to using secondary saporin conjugates, ch2448-SAP induced and increase of  20–30% cytotoxicity.)

Related Products: Mab-ZAP (Cat. #IT-04), Hum-ZAP (Cat. #IT-22), Custom Conjugates

Ferrari LF, Khomula EV, Araldi D, Levine JD (2018) CD44 signaling mediates high molecular weight hyaluronan-induced antihyperalgesia. J Neurosci 38(2):308-321. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2695-17.2017

Objective: To study the role of the cognate hyaluronan receptor, CD44, signaling in anti-hyperalgesia induced by high molecular weight hyaluronan (HMWH).

Summary: These results demonstrate the central role of CD44 signaling in HMWH-induced anti-hyperalgesia, and establish it as a therapeutic target against inflammatory and neuropathic pain.

Usage: Both IB4-SAP and SSP-SAP were diluted in saline to doses previously shown to deplete nonpeptidergic (3.2 mcg/rat for IB4-SAP) and peptidergic (100 ng/rat for SSP-SAP) fibers. The toxins were administered intrathecally, in a volume of 20 mcl, 14 d before intradermal injection of LMWH on the dorsum of the hindpaw. Treatment with either conjugate, or a combination of the two, did not significantly affect mechanical nociceptive threshold.

Related Products: IB4-SAP (Cat. #IT-10), SSP-SAP (Cat. #IT-11), Anti-CD44-SAP (Cat. #IT-72)

Delwig A, Chaney S, Bertke A, Verweij J, Quirce S, Larsen D, Yang C, Buhr E, VAN Gelder R, Gallar J, Margolis T, Copenhagen D (2018) Melanopsin expression in the cornea. Vis Neurosci 35:E004. doi: 10.1017/S0952523817000359 PMID: 29905117

Objective: To determine melanopsin expression in cornea.

Summary: Found no light-evoked activation of melanopsin-expressing fibers in cornea or in cell bodies in the TG; melanopsin protein might serve other sensory functions in the cornea. One justification for this idea is that melanopsin expressed in Drosophila photoreceptors can serve as a temperature sensor.

Usage: For the primary staining, we used Anti-Melanopsin at 1:5000 for 3 days.

Related Products: Melanopsin Rabbit Polyclonal, affinity-purified (Cat. #AB-N39)

Stabio ME, Sabbah S, Quattrochi LE, Ilardi MC, Fogerson PM, Leyrer ML, Kim MT, Kim I, Schiel M, Renna JM, Briggman KL, Berson DM (2018) The M5 cell: A color-opponent intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell. Neuron 97:150-163. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.11.030 PMID: 29249284

Objective: To provide a fuller description of the least understood ipRGC type, the M5 cell, and discovered a distinctive functional characteristic— chromatic opponency (ultraviolet excitatory, green inhibitory).

Summary: M5 cells send axons to the dLGN and are thus positioned to provide chromatic signals to visual cortex. These findings under- score that melanopsin’s influence extends beyond unconscious reflex functions to encompass cortical vision, perhaps including the perception of color.

Usage: M5 cells have the weakest melanopsin responses of all known ipRGC types. The intrinsic melanopsin response (~10 pA) in M5 cells is at least an order of magnitude smaller than the extrinsic, synaptically mediated response.

Related Products: Melanopsin Rabbit Polyclonal (Cat. #AB-N38)

Fujita M, Fukuda T, Sato Y, Takasusuki T, Tanaka M (2018) Allopregnanolone suppresses mechanical allodynia and internalization of neurokinin-1 receptors at the spinal dorsal horn in a rat postoperative pain model. Korean J Pain 31:10-15. doi: 10.3344/kjp.2018.31.1.10. PMID: 29372021

Objective: To identify a new strategy for postoperative pain management, this study investigated the analgesic effects of allopregnanolone (Allo) in an incisional pain model, and its effects on the activities of the primary afferent fibers at the dorsal horn.

Summary: Systemic administration of Allopregnanolone inhibited mechanical allodynia and activities of the primary afferent fibers at the dorsal horn in a rat postoperative pain model. Allopregnanolone was proposed as a candidate for postoperative pain management.

Usage: Fluorescence immunohistochemistry: Six sections per animal were labeled with primary antiserum, rabbit anti-NK-1R (1:3000).

Related Products: NK-1 Receptor Rabbit Polyclonal, affinity-purified (Cat. #AB-N33AP)

Review

Lund K, Olsen CE, Wong JJW, Olsen PA, Solberg NT, Høgset A, Krauss S, Selbo PK (2017) 5-FU resistant EMT-like pancreatic cancer cells are hypersensitive to photochemical internalization of the novel endoglin-targeting immunotoxin CD105-saporin. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 36(1):185.. doi: 10.1186/s13046-017-0662-6

Objective: Investigate resistance mechanisms and photochemical strategies to overcome 5-FU resistance in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Summary: Expression of CD105 was investigated using RT-qPCR, western blotting, flow cytometry, and fluorescence microscopy, and co-localization of TPCS2a and Anti-CD105-SAP was assessed using microscopy. MTS assay was used to investigate cytotoxic effects of photochemical internalization of Anti-CD105-SAP. For the first time, we demonstrate the promise of PCI-based targeting of CD105 in site-specific elimination of 5-FU resistant pancreatic cancer cells using Anti-CD105-SAP in vitro. PCI-based targeting of CD105 may represent a potent anti-cancer strategy and should be further evaluated in preclinical models.

Usage: Cells were seeded (3000/well) in 96-well plates and allowed to attach overnight. The cells were incubated with the Anti-CD105-saporin (2.4 nM) or Saporin as a control (6.48 nM; Saporin was added in a molecular ratio of 2.7:1 to the immunotoxin) giving an equal ratio of Saporin to immunotoxin), with or without the photosensitizer TPCS2a (0.35 μg/ml) for 18 h.

Related Products: Anti-CD105-SAP (Cat. #IT-80)

Thom G, Hatcher J, Hearn A, Paterson J, Rodrigo N, Beljean A, Gurrell I, Webster C (2018) Isolation of blood-brain barrier-crossing antibodies from a phage display library by competitive elution and their ability to penetrate the central nervous system. mAbs 10:304-314. doi: 10.1080/19420862.2017.1409320 PMID: 29182455

Summary: Fluorescence microvolume assay technology (FMAT) periprep extract or Nickel-purified scFvs from E. coli were transferred into assay plates containing 10 ml (1:1000 dilution of a 1 mg/ml stock solution) mouse anti-HIS MAb.)

Related Products: 6His Mouse Monoclonal (Cat. #AB-213)