References

Linster C, Garcia PA, Hasselmo ME, Baxter MG (2001) Selective loss of cholinergic neurons projecting to the olfactory system increases perceptual generalization between similar, but not dissimilar, odorants. Behav Neurosci 115(4):826-833. doi: 10.1037//0735-7044.115.4.826

Summary: Selective cholinergic lesioning of the basal forebrain has been linked to attentional and cognitive deficits. 192-Saporin (Cat. #IT-01) was administered to the horizontal limb of the diagonal band of Broca (0.3 µl at 0.175 µg/µl in each hemisphere) destroying projections to the olfactory bulb and cortex. The results demonstrate cholinergic lesions affect the perceptual qualities of odors, and may possibly represent a general mechanism for cholinergic effects on information processing.

Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01)

Gray PA, Janczewski WA, Mellen N, McCrimmon DR, Feldman JL (2001) Normal breathing requires preBotzinger complex neurokinin-1 receptor-expressing neurons. Nat Neurosci 4(9):927-930. doi: 10.1038/nn0901-927

Summary: SP-SAP was effective in eliminating preBötC NK1R neurons in adult rats. Unilateral SP-SAP injection transiently produced sighs (large inspiratory efforts followed by prolonged expiration).

Usage: Injections of 0.1–0.2 pmol of SP-SAP or 0.3 pmol each of unconjugated Saporin and Substance P were made in the pre-BötC.

Related Products: SP-SAP (Cat. #IT-07)

Motooka Y, Kondoh T, Nomura T, Tamaki N, Tozaki H, Kanno T, Nishizaki T (2001) Selective cholinergic denervation inhibits expression of long-term potentiation in the adult but not infant rat hippocampus. Devel Brain Res 129:119-123. doi: 10.1016/s0165-3806(01)00179-1

Summary: The authors studied the possible role of cholinergic systems in long-term potentiation (LTP), which is one of the most intensively studied models of learning and memory. 192-Saporin (4.2 µg/5 µl, Cat. #IT-01) injections were made in both infant and adult rats and the probability of LTP development was studied in hippocampal slices from animals treated 2 weeks or 2 months before. Cholinergic denervation by 192-Saporin did not affect LTP expression in the infant brain, however, the results strongly suggest that cholinergic systems in the adult brain participate in an LTP pathway.

Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01)

Porreca F, Burgess SE, Gardell LR, Vanderah TW, Malan TP Jr, Ossipov MH, Lappi DA, Lai J (2001) Inhibition of neuropathic pain by selective ablation of brainstem medullary cells expressing the µ-opioid receptor. J Neurosci 21(14):5281-5288. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.21-14-05281.2001

Summary: The presence of descending projections in the pain pathway raises the possibility that abnormal sustained activity may perpetuate chronic pain. Using 3-ng injections of dermorphin-SAP (Cat #IT-12) on either side of the RVM in rats the authors both prevented and reversed neuropathic pain caused by spinal nerve ligation.

Related Products: Dermorphin-SAP / MOR-SAP (Cat. #IT-12)

Lappi DA (2001) Featured Article: Dermorphin-SAP kills MOR-positive cells. Targeting Trends 2(3)

Related Products: Dermorphin-SAP / MOR-SAP (Cat. #IT-12)

Read the featured article in Targeting Trends.

Browne SE, Lin L, Mattsson A, Georgievska B, Isacson O (2001) Selective antibody-induced cholinergic cell and synapse loss produce sustained hippocampal and cortical hypometabolism with correlated cognitive deficits. Exp Neurol 170:36-47. doi: 10.1006/exnr.2001.7700

Summary: The authors used 192-Saporin (two 2.5-µg bilateral injections of 1 µg/µl; Cat. #IT-01) to eliminate cholinergic neurons in the rat, then measured cerebral rates of glucose utilization. The findings show sustained reduction in glucose utilization in the brain regions showing loss of cholinergic neurons, specifically the frontal cortical and hippocampal regions. These same animals demonstrated impaired performance in a Morris water maze. The results reinforce the theory that cholinergic systems influence metabolism and cognition in the cortex and hippocampus.

Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01)

Martin JL, Sloviter RS (2001) Focal inhibitory interneuron loss and principal cell hyperexcitability in the rat hippocampus after microinjection of a neurotoxic conjugate of saporin and a peptidase-resistant analog of substance P. J Comp Neurol 436:127-152. doi: 10.1002/cne.1065

Usage: The authors used SSP-SAP (0.4 ng/10 nl; Cat. #IT-11).

Related Products: SSP-SAP (Cat. #IT-11)

Read the featured article in Targeting Trends.

Speth RC, Grove KL, Brownfield MS (2001) Immunohistochemical localization of AT-1A and AT-1B angiotensin II receptor subtypes in the rat adrenal. Endocrine Society ENDO 2001 – 83rd Annual Meeting of the Endocrine Society, Denver, Colorado. PMID: 909090

Related Products: Angiotensin II receptor (AT-1AR) Rabbit Polyclonal, affinity-purified (Cat. #AB-N25AP)

Cronin CA, Gluba W, Scrable H (2001) The lac operator-repressor system is functional in the mouse. Genes Dev 15(12):1506-1517. doi: 10.1101/gad.892001 PMID: 11410531

Related Products: Antibody to LacI (9A5) (Cat. #AB-V79)

Bennett VJ, Simmons MA (2001) Analysis of fluorescently labeled substance P analogs: binding, imaging and receptor activation. BMC Chem Biol 1(1):1. doi: 10.1186/1472-6769-1-1 PMID: 11418083

Related Products: 192-IgG Mouse Monoclonal, Alexa488-labeled (Cat. #AB-N43FLA)