References

Zhang JJ, Song CG, Dai JM, Li L, Yang XM, Chen ZN (2022) Mechanism of opioid addiction and its intervention therapy: Focusing on the reward circuitry and mu-opioid receptor. MedComm 3(3):e148. doi: 10.1002/mco2.148 PMID: 35774845

Objective: To examine the mechanism of opioid addiction, with a specific focus on the reward circuitry and the role of the mu-opioid receptor, and to explore potential intervention therapies.

Summary: The authors discuss the neurobiological processes underlying addiction and highlight the importance of understanding these mechanisms in developing effective intervention therapies for opioid addiction.

Related Products: Dermorphin-SAP / MOR-SAP (Cat. #IT-12)

See Also:

• Jenrette TA et al. Lesions of the patch compartment of dorsolateral striatum disrupt stimulus-response learning. Neuroscience 415:161-172, 2019.

Kim S, Shukla RK, Kim E, Cressman SG, Yu H, Baek A, Choi H, Kim A, Sharma A, Wang Z, Huang CA, Reneau JC, Boyaka PN, Liyanage NPM, Kim S (2022) Comparison of CD3e antibody and CD3e-sZAP immunotoxin treatment in mice identifies szap as the main driver of vascular leakage. Biomedicines 10(6):1221. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10061221

Objective: Investigate and identify the toxicity profiles of a CD3e-mAb and an immunotoxin of this CD3e antibody conjugated to saporin via a biotin-streptavidin bond, S-CD3e-IT.

Summary: The two agents had opposite effects on T cells, with the antibody alone able to modulate CD3e on the cell surface while the S-CD3e-IT caused depletion of the cell. The immunotoxin increased the infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) into the tissue parenchyma of the spleen and lungs, a sign of vascular permeability while the antibody alone showed no signs of vascular leakage.

Usage: S-CD3e-IT was prepared by reacting biotinylated CD3e antibody with Streptavidin-ZAP in a 1:1 molar ratio. C57BL/6J mice received 25 μg of S-CD3e-IT in sterile 200 μL PBS, twice a day via retro-orbital injection for four days.

Related Products: Streptavidin-ZAP (Cat. #IT-27)

Griffin JM, Healy FM, Dahal LN, Floisand Y, Woolley JF (2022) Worked to the bone: antibody-based conditioning as the future of transplant biology. J Hematol Oncol 15(1):65. doi: 10.1186/s13045-022-01284-6

Objective: To analyze the current status of antibody-based drugs in pre-transplant conditioning regimens and assess their potential in the future of transplant biology.

Summary: This review article suggests that antibody-based conditioning regimens may be the next big advancement in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Related Products: Anti-CD117-SAP (Cat. #IT-83)

See Also:

• Palchaudhuri R et al. Non-genotoxic conditioning for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation using a hematopoietic-cell-specific internalizing immunotoxin. Nat Biotechnol 34:738-745, 2016.
• Castiello MC et al. Efficacy and safety of anti-CD45-saporin as conditioning agent for RAG deficiency. J Allergy Clin Immunol 147(1):309-320.e6, 2021.
• Czechowicz A et al. Selective hematopoietic stem cell ablation using CD117-antibody-drug-conjugates enables safe and effective transplantation with immunity preservation. Nat Commun 10:617, 2019.
• Li Z et al. Hematopoietic chimerism and donor-specific skin allograft tolerance after non-genotoxic CD117 antibody-drug-conjugate conditioning in MHC-mismatched allotransplantation. Nat Commun 10:616, 2019.

Krieger JP, Asker M, Van der Velden P, Börchers S, Richard JE, Maric I, Longo F, Singh A, De Larigue G, Skibicka KP (2022) Neural pathway for gut feelings: vagal interoceptive feedback from the gastrointestinal tract is a critical modulator of anxiety-like behavior. Biological Psychiatry in press. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.04.020

Objective: To determine how the sensing of gastrointestinal state affects anxiety.

Summary: Vagal sensory signals from the gastrointestinal tract are critical for baseline and feeding-induced tuning of anxiety via the central amygdala in rats. The article results suggest vagal gut-brain signaling as a target to normalize interoception in anxiety.

Usage: 1.5 ul of CCK-SAP or Blank-SAP were delivered into each nodose ganglion at 250 ng/ul.

Related Products: CCK-SAP (Cat. #IT-31), Blank-SAP (Cat. #IT-21)

Copeland EN (2022) Characterizing SERCA function in the hippocampal and prefrontal cortex regions of the brain from C57 and D2 mdx mice. Brock University St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada Thesis. PMID: 0

Objective: To investigate the differences between two models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD): D2 mouse model with young mice showing cognitive deficits, and C57, the traditional mouse model.

Summary: Impaired sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) function in both C57 and D2 mdx brain – perhaps due to heightened oxidative/nitrosative stress.

Usage: Western blot; NO-L-Cysteine Mouse Monoclonal, Conjugated as a marker of oxidative/nitrosative stress.

Related Products: NO-L-Cysteine Mouse Monoclonal, Conjugated (Cat. #AB-T125)

Ahn JP (2022) Ablation of dorsomedial striatum patch compartment results in modification to reward-driven behaviors in rats. Mercer University School of Medicine Thesis.

Objective: This thesis intended to demonstrate that selective ablation of dorsomedial striatum (DMS) patch compartment neurons results in a significant impact on the initial development of reward-driven behaviors during the early stages of drug seeking behavior.

Summary: Through the use Dermorphin-SAP and training rats to self-administer cocaine, ablation of the patch compartment of the DMS resulted in an increase in early-stage lever pressing, suggesting that the DMS patch compartment contributes to reward-driven behaviors.

Usage: 17 ng/µl Dermorphin-SAP in sterile artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) to selectively ablate patch compartment neurons. Infusions into either the dorsomedial striatum or dorsolateral striatum (2 µl of infusion liquid).

Related Products: Dermorphin-SAP / MOR-SAP (Cat. #IT-12)

Bosecke C (2022) A novel anxiety process biomarker via electrovestibulography. University of Manitoba Thesis.

Objective: Use electrophysiological technique of Electrovestibulography to measure field potentials caused by vestibular neurons in the ear canal in order to identify biomarkers associated with anxiety disorder.

Summary: Anxiety disorders have no known biomarkers and are diagnosed based on symptoms. Identifying biomarkers could help improve the accuracy of anxiety disorder diagnosis, but can be difficult because the brain regions implicated in anxiety are very deep within the brain.

Usage: 192 IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01) was used to lesion the cholinergic medial septum inputs to the hippocampus. 192 IgG-saporin was diluted to 0.35 µg/µl with sterile saline, and 0.4 µl was infused bilaterally into each ventral site of the medial septum.

Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01)

Li Y, Ye Z, Yang H, Xu Q (2022) Tailoring combinatorial lipid nanoparticles for intracellular delivery of nucleic acids, proteins, and drugs. Acta Pharm Sin B 12(6):2624-2639. doi: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.04.013

Objective: To highlight the recent progress in combinatorial lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) with novel structures and properties for the delivery of small- and macromolecular therapeutics.

Summary: The administration of protein/LNP negatively impacted reproduction in rats, including sperm production, estrous cyclicity and testicular and ovarian morphology, without causing any significant side effects. This non-surgical approach can be developed into a safe and convenient strategy for controlling the overproduction of pet and wildlife.

Usage: Intravenous administration of saporin loaded LNPs

Related Products: Saporin (Cat. #PR-01)

Chen LQ, Lv XJ, Guo QH, Lv SS, Lv N, Yu J, Xu WD, Zhang YQ (2022) Asymmetric activation of microglia in the hippocampus drives anxiodepressive consequences of trigeminal neuralgia. bioRxiv 2022.04.16.488241. doi: 10.1101/2022.04.16.488241

Related Products: Mac-1-SAP rat (Cat. #IT-33)

Anacker A, Esser KH, Lenarz T, Paasche G (2022) Purification of fibroblasts from the spiral ganglion. Front Neurol 13:877342. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2022.877342 PMID: 35493807

Objective: To provide a purified preparation of cochlear fibroblasts, which can be used in vitro for further investigations.

Summary: Subcultivation of the primary spiral ganglion cells culture removed the neurons from the culture and increased the fibroblast to glial cell ratio in the preparations. Direct immunolabeling for the Thy1-glycoprotein and the p75NGFR-enabled fluorescence-based cell sorting. This resulted in a cell culture of cochlear fibroblasts with a purity of more than 99%.

Usage: Cell Sorting (1:400)

Related Products: NGFr (mu p75) Rabbit Polyclonal, affinity-purified (Cat. #AB-N01AP)