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Non-image-forming functional roles of OPN3, OPN4 and OPN5 photopigments
Karthikeyan R, Davies WIL, Gunhaga L (2023) Non-image-forming functional roles of OPN3, OPN4 and OPN5 photopigments. J Photochem Photobiol 15:100177. doi: 10.1016/j.jpap.2023.100177
Objective: To review recent studies that focus on the non-image-forming functional roles of the OPN3, OPN4, and OPN5 photopigments.
Summary: This publication explores the non-image-forming functions of OPN3, OPN4, and OPN5 photopigments, highlighting their roles in various physiological processes such as regulation of circadian rhythms, pupillary light responses, modulation of sleep, mood, and hormone secretion, providing insights into the diverse functions of these photopigments beyond vision.
Related Products: Melanopsin-SAP (Cat. #IT-44)
A role for thalamic projection GABAergic neurons in circadian responses to light
Brock O, Gelegen CE, Sully P, Salgarella I, Jager P, Menage L, Mehta I, Jęczmień-Łazur J, Djama D, Strother L, Coculla A, Vernon A, Brickley S, Holland P, Cooke S, Delogu A (2022) A role for thalamic projection GABAergic neurons in circadian responses to light. J Neurosci doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0112-21.2022 PMID: 36280260
Related Products: Melanopsin Rabbit Polyclonal (Cat. #AB-N38), Melanopsin Rabbit Polyclonal, affinity-purified (Cat. #AB-N39)
Perinatal correlated retinal activity is required for the wiring of visual axons in non-image forming nuclei
Negueruela S, Morenilla C, Herrera M, Coca Y, Florez-Paz D, López-Cascales MT, Gomis A, Herrera E (2022) Perinatal correlated retinal activity is required for the wiring of visual axons in non-image forming nuclei. bioRxiv 2022.07.27.501692. doi: 10.1101/2022.07.27.501692
Related Products: Melanopsin Rabbit Polyclonal (Cat. #AB-N38)
Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells evade temporal filtering to encode environmental light intensity
Sabbah S, Papendorp C, Behrendt I, Rasras H, Cann J, Leyrer ML, Koplas E, Beltoja M, Etebari C, Gunesch AN, Carrete L, Kim MT, Manoff G, Bhatia-Lin A, Zhao T, Dowling H, Briggman KL, Berson DM (2022) Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells evade temporal filtering to encode environmental light intensity. bioRxiv 2022.04.09.487733. doi: 10.1101/2022.04.09.487733
Related Products: Melanopsin Rabbit Polyclonal (Cat. #AB-N38)
Violet light modulates the central nervous system to regulate memory and mood
Sasaki N, Gusain P, Hayano M, Sugaya T, Tonegawa N, Hatanaka Y, Tamura R, Okuyama K, Osada H, Ban N, Mitsukura Y, Lang RA, Mimura M, Tsubota K (2021) Violet light modulates the central nervous system to regulate memory and mood. bioRxiv 2021.11.02.466604. doi: 10.1101/2021.11.02.466604
Related Products: Melanopsin Rabbit Polyclonal, affinity-purified (Cat. #AB-N39)
Atoh7-independent specification of retinal ganglion cell identity
Brodie-Kommit J, Clark BS, Shi Q, Shiau F, Kim DW, Langel J, Sheely C, Ruzycki PA, Fries M, Javed A, Cayouette M, Schmidt T, Badea T, Glaser T, Zhao H, Singer J, Blackshaw S, Hattar S (2021) Atoh7-independent specification of retinal ganglion cell identity. Sci Adv 7(11):eabe4983. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abe4983 PMID: 33712461
Related Products: Melanopsin Rabbit Polyclonal (Cat. #AB-N38)
Examination of zinc in the circadian system.
Moshirpour M, Nakashima AS, Sehn N, Smith VM, Thackray SE, Dyck RH, Antle MC (2020) Examination of zinc in the circadian system. Neuroscience 432:15-29. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.02.016 PMID: 32087262
Objective: To examine the anatomical and functional aspects of zinc in the circadian system.
Summary: Neither enhancement nor chelation of free zinc at either the SCN or IGL altered circadian responses to phase-shifting light in hamsters.
Usage: Retinal immunohistochemistry (1:5000) included a 20-min wash in 4% PFA prior to initiation of the IHC protocol.
Related Products: Melanopsin Rabbit Polyclonal (Cat. #AB-N38)
Voltage-gated calcium channel subunit α2δ-3 shapes light responses of mouse retinal ganglion cells mainly in low and moderate light levels
Seitter H, Sothilingam V, Benkner B, Garrido MG, Kling A, Pirone A, Seeliger M, Münch TA (2020) Voltage-gated calcium channel subunit α2δ-3 shapes light responses of mouse retinal ganglion cells mainly in low and moderate light levels. bioRxiv 2020.02.10.941807. doi: 10.1101/2020.02.10.941807
Related Products: Melanopsin Rabbit Polyclonal, affinity-purified (Cat. #AB-N39)
nGnG amacrine cells and Brn3b-negative M1 ipRGCs are specifically labeled in the ChAT-ChR2-EYFP mouse.
Cui LJ, Chen WH, Liu AL, Han X, Jiang SX, Yuan F, Zhong YM, Yang XL, Weng SJ (2020) nGnG amacrine cells and Brn3b-negative M1 ipRGCs are specifically labeled in the ChAT-ChR2-EYFP mouse. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 61(2):14. doi: 10.1167/iovs.61.2.14 PMID: 32049344
Summary: The authors speculated that type II cells might be ipRGCs. This was later verified by the strong immunostaining of type II cells in response to the melanopsin antibody UF006 (100%, 141 of 141 cells collected from 5 retinas, Figs. 6B1–B3), which probes multiple ipRGC subtypes.
Usage: Immunostaining 1:10000
Related Products: Melanopsin Rabbit Polyclonal (Cat. #AB-N38)
A high efficacy selection method for transfected cells utilizing recombinant isolectin B4-saporin
Galvan MA, Shramm PA, Bouajram R, Lappi DA, Ancheta LR (2019) A high efficacy selection method for transfected cells utilizing recombinant isolectin B4-saporin. Neuroscience 2019 Abstracts 794.10. Society for Neuroscience, Chicago, IL.
Summary: Transfection protocols often rely on the use of antibiotics for the selection of transfected cells and has become the accepted approach for in vitro research and therapeutic applications. Antibiotics have several shortcomings such as cost, continuous use, and harmful effects — even on the transfected cell population. In addition, selection pressures are often inefficient and fail to provide a population of cells that express the gene of interest (GOI) at high levels. We have used three separate GOI’s to select for solely high-expressing transfectants using targeted toxin selection pressure. Normal Rat Kidney Cells (KNRK) were individually transfected to express green fluorescent protein (GFP), melanopsin or the low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor (p75) using an innovative new transfection delivery vector called pGEI. The results from various assays were utilized to visually determine the expression rate and pattern of the targeted toxin selection method. Melanopsin and p75 — a photopigment and nerve growth factor, respectively — were of great interest to express in our transfected cells as a means to study their role in the development and function of neurons. The delivery vector, pGEI, removes resident Galalpha(1-3)Gal epitopes from non- human mammalian cell surfaces. This residue is the target of recombinant Isolectin B4 – Saporin (IB4-SAP), a selective targeted toxin. IB4-SAP is extremely potent, with an EC50 in the low picomolar range for alpha-D-galactopyranoside expressing cells in vitro. The cells with the highest expression of the inserted vector, and therefore the GOI, will have these residues removed. Those that fail to express the vector or do not express the vector in high enough amounts, will not have all the residues removed, and will be targeted and eliminated via IB4-SAP. This method of selection provides a means of purifying the highest- expressing transfected populations using a more cost-effective and time-saving approach.
Related Products: IB4-SAP (Cat. #IT-10)