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2019 Targeting Trends Review
Contribution of the retrotrapezoid nucleus and carotid bodies to hypercapnia- and hypoxia-induced arousal from sleep.
Souza GMPR, Stornetta RL, Stornetta DS, Abbott SBG, Guyenet PG (2019) Contribution of the retrotrapezoid nucleus and carotid bodies to hypercapnia- and hypoxia-induced arousal from sleep. J Neurosci 39(49):9725-9737. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1268-19.2019
Objective: To examine the contribution of two lower brainstem nuclei that could be implicated in CO2 and hypoxia-induced arousal.
Summary: RTN, a brainstem nucleus that mediates the effect of brain acidification on breathing, also contributes to arousal elicited by CO2 but not hypoxia.
Usage: To ablate the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN), SSP-SAP was administered (2.4 ng) through bilateral injections via a dorsal craniotomy.
Related Products: SSP-SAP (Cat. #IT-11)
Attenuation of angiotensin II–induced hypertension in BubR1 low‐expression mice via repression of angiotensin II receptor 1 overexpression.
Aoyagi Y, Furuyama T, Inoue K, Matsuda D, Matsubara Y, Okahara A, Ago T, Nakashima Y, Mori M, Matsumoto T (2019) Attenuation of angiotensin II–induced hypertension in BubR1 low‐expression mice via repression of angiotensin II receptor 1 overexpression. J Am Heart Assoc 8(23):e011911. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.118.011911 PMID: 31787052
Usage: western blot
Related Products: Angiotensin II receptor (AT-1R) Rabbit Polyclonal, affinity-purified (Cat. #AB-N27AP)
BDNF downregulates β-adrenergic receptor-mediated hypotensive mechanisms in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus.
Thorsdottir D, Cruickshank NC, Einwag Z, Hennig GW, Erdos B (2019) BDNF downregulates β-adrenergic receptor-mediated hypotensive mechanisms in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 317(6):H1258-H1271. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00478.2019
Objective: To determine whether BDNF increases blood pressure in part by diminishing inhibitory hypotensive input from nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) catecholaminergic neurons projecting to the PVN.
Summary: BDNF, a key hypothalamic regulator of blood pressure, disrupts catecholaminergic signaling between the NTS and the PVN by reducing the responsiveness of PVN neurons to inhibitory hypotensive β-adrenergic input from the NTS.
Usage: Bilateral NTS injections of sterile PBS (for control) or Anti-DBH-SAP (22 ng).
Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03)
Evidence that the LH surge in ewes involves both neurokinin B–dependent and –independent actions of kisspeptin.
Goodman RL, He W, Lopez JA, Bedenbaugh MN, McCosh RB, Bowdridge EC, Coolen LM, Lehman MN, Hileman SM (2019) Evidence that the LH surge in ewes involves both neurokinin B–dependent and –independent actions of kisspeptin. Endocrinology 160(12):2990-3000. doi: 10.1210/en.2019-00597
Objective: To determine if NKB is involved in the RCh of the ewe in the LH surge.
Summary: NKB signaling in the RCh increases kisspeptin levels critical for the full amplitude of the LH surge in the ewe, but kisspeptin release occurs independently of retrochiamatic area (RCh) input at the onset of the surge to initiate GnRH secretion.
Usage: Bilaterial injections in the RCh of either NK3-SAP or Blank-SAP.
Related Products: NKB-SAP (Cat. #IT-63), Blank-SAP (Cat. #IT-21)
Rostral ventrolateral medullary catecholaminergic neurones mediate irregular breathing pattern in volume overload heart failure rats.
Toledo C, Andrade DC, Díaz HS, Pereyra KV, Schwarz KG, Díaz-Jara E, Oliveira LM, Takakura AC, Moreira TS, Schultz HD, Marcus NJ, Del Rio R (2019) Rostral ventrolateral medullary catecholaminergic neurones mediate irregular breathing pattern in volume overload heart failure rats. J Physiol 597(24):5799-5820. doi: 10.1113/JP278845
Objective: To investigate the potential contribution of RVLM‐C1 neurons to irregular breathing.
Summary: Findings suggest that RVLM‐C1 neurons play a pivotal role in breathing irregularities in volume overload HF, and mediate the sympathetic responses induced by acute central chemoreflex activation.
Usage: Anti-DBH-SAP was used to selectively lesion RVLM‐C1 neurons. Reduction (∼65%) of RVLM‐C1 neurons resulted in attenuation of irregular breathing, decreased apnea‐hypopnea incidence and improved cardiac autonomic control.
Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03)
Episodic stimulation of central chemoreflex elicits long-term breathing disorders and autonomic imbalance in heart failure rats.
Díaz HS, Andrade DC, Toledo C, Lucero C, Arce-Álvarez A, Del Rio R (2019) Episodic stimulation of central chemoreflex elicits long-term breathing disorders and autonomic imbalance in heart failure rats. Eur Respir J 54(suppl 63):OA4936. doi: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.OA4936
Objective: To determine the role of CC in the development of cardiorespiratory dysfunction in a HF model.
Summary: Rats were exposed to pisodic hypercapnic stimulation (EHS) The effects of EHS in rats with heart failure were attenuated by SSP-SAP treatment.
Usage: Selective destruction of chemoreceptor neurons within the retrotapezoid nucleus (RTN) was performed via SSP-SAP injections (0.6 ng/30 nL).
Related Products: SSP-SAP (Cat. #IT-11)
OP11: Role of spinal cholecystokinin receptor 2 in alloknesis models.
Tominaga M, Kusube F, Honda K, Komiya E, Takahashi N, Naito H, Suga Y, Takamori K (2019) OP11: Role of spinal cholecystokinin receptor 2 in alloknesis models. Itch 4:1-62. doi: 10.1097/itx.0000000000000030
Objective: To determine the detailed molecular and cellular mechanisms that induce alloknesis via the spinal CCK2 receptor.
Summary: Ablation of spinal CCK receptor-expressing cells by i.t. injection of CCK-SAP attenuated CCK8S-induced alloknesis in comparison with Blank-SAP control mice.
Usage: Intrathecal injection
Related Products: CCK-SAP (Cat. #IT-31), Blank-SAP (Cat. #IT-21)
Renal denervation for treating congenital long QT syndrome: Shortening the QT interval or modulating sympathetic tone?
Kiuchi MG, Chen S, Carnagarin R, Matthews VB, Schlaich MP (2019) Renal denervation for treating congenital long QT syndrome: Shortening the QT interval or modulating sympathetic tone?. Europace 21(11):1755-1756. doi: 10.1093/europace/euz251
Summary: Targeted ablation of cardiac sympathetic neurons (TACSN) through CTB-SAP injection in the left stellate ganglion (LSG), inhibited its activation, improved sympathetic remodelling, and restored cardiac autonomic balance.
Related Products: CTB-SAP (Cat. #IT-14)
Light stimulation into dorsal raphe nucleus contributes to antidepressant effect for a stressed rat model.
Li X (2019) Light stimulation into dorsal raphe nucleus contributes to antidepressant effect for a stressed rat model. bioRxiv 821421. doi: 10.1101/821421 PMID: 0
Usage: immunohisochemistry (1:500)
Related Products: Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Rabbit Polyclonal (Cat. #AB-02)
Targeting AngII/AT1R signaling pathway by perindopril inhibits ongoing liver fibrosis in rat.
Abd El‐Rahman SS, Fayed HM (2019) Targeting AngII/AT1R signaling pathway by perindopril inhibits ongoing liver fibrosis in rat. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 13:2131-2141. doi: 10.1002/term.2940 PMID: 31348596
Usage: IHC (1:100)
Related Products: Angiotensin II receptor (AT-2R) Rabbit Polyclonal, affinity-purified (Cat. #AB-N28AP)