2018 Targeting Trends Review

Souza GMPR, Kanbar R, Stornetta DS, Abbott SBG, Stornetta RL, Guyenet PG (2018) Breathing regulation and blood gas homeostasis after near complete lesions of the retrotrapezoid nucleus in adult rats. J Physiol 596(13):2521-2545. doi: 10.1113/JP275866

Objective: To test how important the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) is to PCO2 homeostasis and breathing during sleep or wake.

Summary: Near complete RTN destruction in rats virtually eliminates the CRC but HVR persists and sighing and the state-dependence of breathing are unchanged. Under normoxia, RTN lesions cause no change in VE but alveolar ventilation is reduced by at least 21%, probably because of increased physiological dead volume. RTN lesions do not cause sleep apnea during SWS, even under hyperoxia.

Usage: A total of 6 microinjections (120 nl/injection; 3 rostrocaudally aligned injections per side) were made 100-200 μm below the lower edge of the facial motor nucleus 2 mm lateral to the midline. Experimental rats received either 0.6 ng, 1.2 ng, or 2.4 ng of SSP-SAP per injection.

Related Products: SSP-SAP (Cat. #IT-11)

Chiang JT, Badrealam KF, Shibu MA, Kuo CH, Huang CYA-Ohoo, Chen BC, Lin YM, Viswanadha VP, Kuo WW, Huang CY (2018) Eriobotrya japonica ameliorates cardiac hypertrophy in H9c2 cardiomyoblast and in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Environ Toxicol 33:1113-1122. doi: 10.1002/tox.22589 PMID: 29974613

Objective: To evaluate the prospective efficacy of E. japonica leave extract (EJLE) against Angiotensin-II induced cardiac hypertrophy.

Summary: Supplementation of EJLE could rescue Ang-II induced cardiac hypertrophy.

Usage: Western blot, immunohistochemistry

Related Products: Angiotensin II receptor (AT-1R) Rabbit Polyclonal, affinity-purified (Cat. #AB-N27AP)

Ritter S (2018) Why I can’t say “no” to hindbrain catecholamine neurons. Appetite 126:210. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.02.035

Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03)

Hoffmann RM, Crescioli S, Thurston DE, Karagiannis SN (2018) Development and evaluation of T-Zap: a novel antibody-drug conjugate for the treatment of Her2 positive breast cancer. Cancer Res 78:LB-001. doi: 10.1158/1538-7445.AM2018-LB-001 PMID: 909090

Objective: Develop and Evaluate a novel ADC (T-Zap) for breast cancer.

Summary: Binding to target cells of T-Zap was confirmed. Comparison of T-Zap efficacy in breast cancer cell lines with and without resistance against trastuzumab showed a trend for higher efficacy of cell killing by T-Zap in trastuzumab resistant cells compared to T-DM1. Toxicity assays revealed no impact of T-Zap on cell viability in immune cells.

Usage: T-ZAP was made using Biotinylated monoclonal antibody trastuzumab mixed with Streptavidin-ZAP.

Related Products: Streptavidin-ZAP (Cat. #IT-27)

Zhu Y, Zhao J, Han Q, Wang Z, Wang Z, Dong X, Li J, Liu L, Shen X (2018) The effect and mechanism of chinese herbal formula Sini Tang in heart failure after myocardial infarction in rats. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2018:5629342. doi: 10.1155/2018/5629342 PMID: 30050591

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness and mechanism of theChinese herbal formula Sini Tang (SNT) in heart failure after myocardial infarction in rats.

Summary: The Chinese herbal formula SNT could improve left ventricular systolic function in heart failure after myocardial infarction.

Usage: Western blot.

Related Products: Angiotensin II receptor (AT-1R) Rabbit Polyclonal, affinity-purified (Cat. #AB-N27AP)

Kim M, Vargas M, Harlan B, Killoy K, Ball L, Comte-Walters S, Gooz M, Yamamoto Y, Beckman J, Barbeito L, Pehar M (2018) Nitration and glycation turn mature NGF into a toxic factor for motor neurons: A role for p75. Antioxid Redox Signal 28:1587-1602. doi: 10.1089/ars.2016.6966 PMID: 28537420

Related Products: NGFr (mu p75) Rabbit Polyclonal, affinity-purified (Cat. #AB-N01AP)

Harvey BP, Cohen-Solal J, Kaymakcalan Z (2018) SAT0058 Adalimumab: TNF complexes are cleared more efficiently by human osteoclasts than those with etanercept through FCG-receptor binding and internalisation. Ann Rheum Dis 77:893. EULAR 2018, Amsterdam, The Netherlands doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-eular.3804

Objective: To determine whether Fc-gamma receptor (FcgR)-mediated internalization of the biologic:TNF complexes is a contributing mechanism responsible for the difference in effectiveness between ADA and ETN in preventing TNF- enhanced OCgenesis.

Summary: Human osteoclast  (OC) precursors can bind and internalise ADA:TNF complexes more efficiently than ETN:TNF complexes. In addition, this process is partially mediated through FcgRII.

Usage: FcgR-mediated nternalization was assessed by monitoring a reduction in OC survival in response to preformed bio- logic: TNF complexes (25:1 ratio) bound with FabFC-ZAP human ± FcgR blocking antibodies.

Related Products: FabFc-ZAP human (Cat. #IT-65)

Sakamoto A, Kato K, Hasegawa T, Ikeda S (2018) An agonistic antibody to EPHA2 exhibits antitumor effects on human melanoma cells. Anticancer Res 38:3273-3282. doi: 10.21873/anticanres.12592

Objective: Investigate the therapeutic potential of antibody to EPHA2 against melanoma in vitro.

Summary: Observations indicate a promising role for EPHA2 as a target in antibody treatments for melanoma, and demonstrate the potential therapeutic effects of an agonistic antibody to EPHA2.

Usage: A375 cells were plated into a flat-bottom, 96-well plate (2,000 cells per well) and incubated for 4 days at 37˚C. Cell suspension included different concentrations of Mab-ZAP, along with either anti-EPHA2 mAb (SHM16, SHM17, or SHM20 at 2 μg/ml final concentration), or a control IgG1 mAb (2 μg/ml final concentration).

Related Products: Mab-ZAP (Cat. #IT-04)

Sadhukhan R, Brown N, Ouellette D, Banach D, Filoti DI, Winarta D, Raghavendra R, Sousa S, Darcy A, Alessandri L, Ivanov A, Bose S, Eaton L, Preston G, Freeman J, Correia I (2018) Engineering elastic properties into an anti-TNFα monoclonal antibody. Cogent Biol 4(1):1469387. doi: 10.1080/23312025.2018.1469387

Objective: To engineer elastic properties into a TNFalpha antibody.

Summary: The results presented in this report with an anti-TNFα ELP mAb are a foundation for building on a new generation of fusion ELP mAbs, or other formats, that are stable, active, responsive to cues in local environment, and, with the FcRn mutation, cleared rapidly from circulation. More detailed studies are warranted to identify the appropriate ELP sequences for IA delivery, calculate residence time in the IA space, and demonstrate pharmacodynamics effect of the ELP-fusion protein.

Usage: Fab-ZAP human was mixed with anti-TNFα-ELP fusion monoclonal.

Related Products: Fab-ZAP human (Cat. #IT-51)

Staib JM, Della Valle R, Knox DK (2018) Disruption of medial septum and diagonal bands of Broca cholinergic projections to the ventral hippocampus disrupt auditory fear memory. Learn Mem 152:71-79. doi: 10.1016/j.nlm.2018.05.009

Objective: To determine which efferent projections are critical for contextual fear memory discrimination and extinction memory.

Summary: The results of this study suggest that MS/vDBB cholinergic neurons are critical for fear and extinction memory.

Usage: 192-IgG saporin was infused into all brain regions at a concentration of 0.2 μg/μL dissolved in 0.2 M PBS. The total volume of each injection was 0.5 μL. Sham surgeries were accomplished using the same volume (0.5 μL) of PBS.

Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01)