2011 Targeting Trends Review

Marshall RS, D’Avila F, Di Cola A, Traini R, Spano L, Fabbrini MS, Ceriotti A (2011) Signal peptide-regulated toxicity of a plant ribosome-inactivating protein during cell stress. Plant J 65(2):218-29. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2010.04413.x PMID: 21223387

Summary: Type I ribosome inactivating proteins (RIPs) are thought to have a role in defending plants against viral or fungal infections. Most type I RIPs have signal peptides for insertion into the endoplasmic reticulum, followed by transportation to a vacuole or the cell wall. The authors examined signal peptide regulation under stress in tobacco plants transfected with saporin. One method of analysis was western blots using anti-saporin (Cat. #AB-15).

Related Products: Saporin Goat Polyclonal (Cat. #AB-15)

Gray PA, Hayes JA, Ling GY, Llona I, Tupal S, Picardo MCD, Ross SE, Hirata T, Corbin JG, Eugenin J, Del Negro CA (2010) Developmental origin of preBotzinger Complex respiratory neurons. J Neurosci 30(44):14883-14895. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4031-10.2010 PMID: 21048147

Summary: Breathing in adult rats requires a subset of neurons in the preBötzinger Complex (preBötC) that express the neurokinin-1 receptor and the peptide somatostatin. In this work the authors investigate the developmental origins of these cells. Using various techniques, including immunohistochemistry with an anti-neurokinin-1 receptor antibody (Cat. #AB-N04), it is demonstrated that neurons derived from Dbx-1 expressing progenitor cells are important in the generation of respiratory behavior.

Related Products: Antibody to NK-1 Receptor (Cat. #AB-N04)

Girard BM, Malley SE, Vizzard MA (2011) Neurotrophin/receptor expression in urinary bladder of mice with overexpression of NGF in urothelium. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 300(2):F345-55. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00515.2010 PMID: 21048026

Summary: Chronic overexpression of nerve growth factor (NGF) in the urinary bladder results in neuronal sprouting, increased voiding frequency, and referred somatic hypersensitivity. The authors investigated several growth factor and receptor responses to chronic overexpression of NGF. A p75 antibody (Cat. #AB-N01) was used to obtain the immunohistochemistry data. The data suggest that changes due to NGF overexpression may be a compensatory attempt to reduce voiding frequency.

Related Products: NGFr (mu p75) Rabbit Polyclonal (Cat. #AB-N01)

Gompf HS, Mathai C, Fuller PM, Wood DA, Pedersen NP, Saper CB, Lu J (2010) Locus ceruleus and anterior cingulate cortex sustain wakefulness in a novel environment. J Neurosci 30(43):14543-14551. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3037-10.2010

Objective: To examine arousal due to environmental stimuli after lesioning of the Locus ceruleus (LC).

Summary: Lesioned animals did not show sustained neurobehavioral and EEG arousal in response to a novel environment. The data suggest sustained attention requires an interaction between the LC and the anterior cingulate cortex.

Usage: Anti-DBH-SAP (0.25-1 µg) was injected into the lateral ventricle of rats.

Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03)

Koenig J, Lecourtier L, Cosquer B, Pereira PM, Cassel J (2011) Spatial memory alterations by activation of septal 5HT(1A) receptors: no implication of cholinergic septohippocampal neurons. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 214(2):437-454. doi: 10.1007/s00213-010-2049-7

Summary: These experiments examined what effect damaged cholinergic neurons would have on memory deficits induced by the 5-HT1A/5-HT7 receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT. Rats received 0.4 µg injections of 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01) into the medial septum, delivered through an infusion device. Through use of a water maze test, the authors show that several neuronal populations are involved in processing hippocampal information, and non-cholinergic neurons in this region may be more important than the cholinergic ones for memory processing.

Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01)

Do MTH, Yau K (2010) Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells. Physiol Rev 90(4):1547-1581. doi: 10.1152/physrev.00013.2010

Summary: This review presents recent data that has established the importance of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRPG) in nonimage visual functions. The use of melanopsin-SAP (Cat. #IT-44) in both mice and rats is discussed. It is of note that depletion of ipRPG’s using melanopsin-SAP resulted in deficits in communication to nonimage regions of the brain, but image vision appeared normal.

Related Products: Melanopsin-SAP (Cat. #IT-44)

Lyons AM, Thiele TE (2010) Neuropeptide Y conjugated to saporin alters anxiety-like behavior when injected into the central nucleus of the amygdala or basomedial hypothalamus in BALB/cJ mice. Peptides 31(12):2193-2199. doi: 10.1016/j.peptides.2010.09.009

Summary: Neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the hypothalamus is known to modulate feeding behavior. In this work the authors used bilateral 48 ng injections of NPY-SAP (Cat. #IT-28) into the central amygdala or basomedial hypothalamus (BMH) of rats to investigate the role of NPY in anxiety. Blank-SAP (Cat. #IT-21) was used as a control. Injections into the amygdala increased anxiety-like behavior, while injections into the BMH reduced anxiety-like behavior. BMH injections also initiated an increase of NPY-1 receptor expression in the basolateral nuclei of the amygdala.

Related Products: NPY-SAP (Cat. #IT-28), Blank-SAP (Cat. #IT-21)

Quadros EV, Nakayama Y, Sequeira JM (2010) Targeted delivery of saporin toxin by monoclonal antibody to the transcobalamin receptor, TCblR/CD320. Mol Cancer Ther 9(11):3033-3040. doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-10-0513

Summary: Vitamin B12 is necessary for cell proliferation. Cancer cells display an increased expression of TCb1R, the receptor that facilitates the intake of B12. In order to evaluate the potential of using immunotoxins to eliminate cancer cells expressing TCb1R the authors performed a series of in vitro experiments using their monoclonal antibodies plus Mab-ZAP (Cat. #IT-04). The results indicate that this is a viable therapeutic model that causes minimal peripheral damage.

Related Products: Mab-ZAP (Cat. #IT-04)

Di Sebastiano AR, Wilson-Perez HE, Lehman MN, Coolen LM (2011) Lesions of orexin neurons block conditioned place preference for sexual behavior in male rats. Horm Behav 59(1):1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2010.09.006

Summary: The neuropeptide orexin is important in the feedback mechanisms of food intake and drugs of abuse. This work investigates the role of orexin in sexual reward in male rats. Two 200 ng bilateral hypothalamic injections of orexin-SAP (Cat. #IT-20) were made into each hemisphere. Blank-SAP (Cat. #IT-21) was used as a control. Although it was shown orexin neurons are activated by sexual reward cures, the data suggest that orexin is not essential for sexual performance and motivation.

Related Products: Orexin-B-SAP (Cat. #IT-20), Blank-SAP (Cat. #IT-21)

Gil-Bea FJ, Solas M, Mateos L, Winblad B, Ramirez MJ, Cedazo-Minguez A (2011) Cholinergic hypofunction impairs memory acquisition possibly through hippocampal Arc and BDNF downregulation. Hippocampus 21(9):999-1009. doi: 10.1002/hipo.20812

Summary: The authors investigated the role of activity-regulated cytoskeleton associated protein (Arc) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in cholinergic-induced memory formation. Rats received 67-ng bilateral injections of 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01) into the third ventricle after behavioral training. Lesioned animals had decreased protein and mRNA for both Arc and BDNF. Memory acquisition and recovery of acquisition were both affected. The data indicate that cholinergic denervation of the hippocampus affects the muscarinic facets of spatial memory acquisition.

Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01)