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The rostromedial tegmental nucleus and alcohol addiction
Ye J-H, Fu R, He W (2017) The rostromedial tegmental nucleus and alcohol addiction. Oncotarget 8:18624-18625.. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.15822
Summary: The authors discuss their work with Dermorphin-SAP (Cat. #IT-12) and their demonstration that damage of RMTg MOR-expressing GABAergic neurons by Dermorphin-SAP increased the intake and preference for alcohol, boosted the expression and slowed down the extinction of alcohol conditioned place preference, and increased locomotion. Microinjection of DS into the RMTg substantially reduced the number of RMTg cells. Importantly, the rats that received DS injection elevated their alcohol intake and preference compared to those that received an injection of Blank-SAP (Cat. #IT-21), which did not cause neuronal damage.
Related Products: Dermorphin-SAP / MOR-SAP (Cat. #IT-12), Blank-SAP (Cat. #IT-21)
Molecular and neural basis of contagious itch behavior in mice
Yu Y-Q, Barry DM, Hao Y, Liu X-T, Chen Z-F (2017) Molecular and neural basis of contagious itch behavior in mice. Science 355:1072. doi: 10.1126/science.aak9748
Summary: The authors selectively ablated the SCN gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) neurons using Bombesin-SAP (Cat. #IT-40), a peptide-conjugated toxin that kills GRPR neurons in the spinal cord. After bilateral injection of Bombesin-SAP into the SCN, immunohistochemistry showed that Bombesin-SAP injection resulted in ablation of SCN GRPR+ neurons.
Related Products: Bombesin-SAP (Cat. #IT-40)
Sigma-1 (σ1) receptor in memory and neurodegenerative diseases
Maurice T, Goguadze N (2017) Sigma-1 (σ1) receptor in memory and neurodegenerative diseases. Handb Exp Pharmacol 244:81-108. doi: 10.1007/164_2017_15
Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01)
Identifying the appropriate time for deep brain stimulation to achieve spatial memory improvement on the Morris water maze.
Jeong D, Lee J, Chang W, Chang J (2017) Identifying the appropriate time for deep brain stimulation to achieve spatial memory improvement on the Morris water maze. BMC Neuroscience 18:29.. doi: 10.1186/s12868-017-0345-4
Summary: This study was performed to determine the stage of memory affected by medial septum deep brain stimulation (MS-DBS). Memory impairment due to cholinergic denervation can be improved by DBS. The improvement is significantly correlated with the up-regulation of BDNF expression and neurogenesis. Based on the results of this study, the use of MS-DBS during the early stage of disease may restore spatial memory impairment.
Usage: Rats were injected bilaterally with 8 μl of 192-IgG-SAP (0.63 μg/μl) at the cerebroventricle.
Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01)
Blocking microglial pannexin-1 channels alleviates morphine withdrawal in rodents
Burma NE, Bonin RP, Leduc-Pessah H, Baimel C, Cairncross ZF, Mousseau M, Shankara JV, Stemkowski PL, Baimoukhametova D, Bains JS, Antle MC, Zamponi GW, Cahill CM, Borgland SL, De Koninck Y, Trang T (2017) Blocking microglial pannexin-1 channels alleviates morphine withdrawal in rodents. Nat Med 23:355-360.. doi: 10.1038/nm.4281
Summary: The authors investigated the mechanisms underlying opiate withdrawal in rat. Depletion of spinal lumbar microglia by intrathecal injections of Mac-1–SAP (Cat. #IT-33; 20 mcg) decreased withdrawal behaviors and attenuated the severity of withdrawal without affecting morphine antinociception. Unconjugated Saporin (Cat. #PR-01; 20 mcg) was used as control and had no effect on spinal CD11b immunoreactivity or naloxone-induced morphine withdrawal.
Related Products: Mac-1-SAP rat (Cat. #IT-33), Saporin (Cat. #PR-01)
Plasticity of central and peripheral sources of noradrenaline in rats during ontogenesis.
Bondarenko N, Dilmukhametova L, Kurina A, Murtazina A, Sapronova A, Sysoeva A, Ugrumov M (2017) Plasticity of central and peripheral sources of noradrenaline in rats during ontogenesis. Biochemistry (Mosc) 82:373-379.. doi: 10.1134/S0006297917030166
Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03)
Lipid mapping of the rat brain for models of disease.
Martínez-Gardeazabal J, González de San Román E, Moreno-Rodríguez M, Llorente-Ovejero A, Manuel I, Rodríguez-Puertas R (2017) Lipid mapping of the rat brain for models of disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr 1859:1548-1557.. doi: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.02.011
Objective: To map the spatial distribution of different lipid species in the rat central nervous system (CNS) using IMS to find a possible relationship between anatomical localization and physiology. The data obtained were subsequently applied to a model of neurological disease, the 192IgG-saporin lesion model of memory impairment.
Summary: The specific distribution of different lipids supports their involvement not only in structural and metabolic functions but also as intracellular effectors or specific receptor ligands and/or precursors. Moreover, the specific localization in the CNS described here will enable us to analyze lipid distribution to identify their physiological conditions in rat models of neurodegenerative pathologies, such as Alzheimer’s disease.
Usage: 192 IgG-SAP in aCSF (135 ng/1 μl/hemisphere; 0.25 μl/min) was administered.
Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01)
Chronic lithium treatment in a rat model of basal forebrain cholinergic depletion: Effects on memory impairment and neurodegeneration.
Gelfo F, Cutuli D, Nobili A, De Bartolo P, D’Amelio M, Petrosini L, Caltagirone C (2017) Chronic lithium treatment in a rat model of basal forebrain cholinergic depletion: Effects on memory impairment and neurodegeneration. J Alzheimers Dis 56:1505-1518. doi: 10.3233/JAD-160892 PMID: 28222508
Objective: To evaluate the potential beneficial effects of a chronic lithium treatment in preventing the damage that a basal forebrain cholinergic neurodegeneration provokes.
Summary: The chronic lithium treatment significantly rescued memory performances but did not modulate ChAT availability and caspase-3 activity. The present findings support the lithium protective effects against the cognitive impairment that characterizes the brain cholinergic depletion.
Usage: Neurodegeneration was induced by injecting the immunotoxin 192 IgG-SAP in the medial septum (0.5 ug/side) and nucleus basalis magnocellularis (0.4 ug/side).
Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01)
Impact of altered cholinergic tones on the neurovascular coupling response to whisker stimulation.
Lecrux C, Sandoe C, Neupane S, Kropf P, Toussay X, Tong X, Lacalle-Aurioles M, Shmuel A, Hamel E (2017) Impact of altered cholinergic tones on the neurovascular coupling response to whisker stimulation. J Neurosci 37:1518-1531. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1784-16.2016
Summary: The authors assessed the effects of varying ACh tone on whisker-evoked NVC responses in rat barrel cortex. ACh depletion was achieved via unilateral icv injection (4 mcg/2 mcl) with 192 IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01) or saline. They conclude that ACh is not only a facilitator, but also a prerequisite for the full expression of sensory-evoked NVC responses.
Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01)
Featured Article: The locus coeruleus: a potential link between cerebrovascular and neuronal pathology in Alzheimer’s disease.
Kelly SC, Nelson PT, Counts SE (2017) Featured Article: The locus coeruleus: a potential link between cerebrovascular and neuronal pathology in Alzheimer’s disease. Targeting Trends 18
Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03), Mouse IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-18)
Read the featured article in Targeting Trends.
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