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Spinal GRPR and NPRA contribute to chronic itch in a murine model of allergic contact dermatitis.
Liu X, Wang D, Wen Y, Zeng L, Li Y, Tao T, Zhao Z, Tao A (2020) Spinal GRPR and NPRA contribute to chronic itch in a murine model of allergic contact dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 140(9):1856-1866.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.01.016
Objective: The authors investigated the peripheral and spinal mechanisms responsible for prolonged itch in a mouse model of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) induced by squaric acid dibutylester (SADBE).
Summary: Targeting gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) and natriuretic peptide receptor A (NPRA) may provide effective treatments for ACD associated chronic pruritus.
Usage: A single dose of Bombesin-SAP (400 ng) and Blank-SAP (400 ng) or two doses of Nppb-SAP (BNP-SAP; 650 ng) and Blank-SAP (650 ng) were administered via intrathecal injection.
Related Products: Bombesin-SAP (Cat. #IT-40), Nppb-SAP (Cat. #IT-69), Blank-SAP (Cat. #IT-21)
Featured Article: Targeted hippocampal GABA neuron ablation produces hippocampal sclerosis, epilepsy, and dissociable effects on the Morris water maze and object-place paired association tasks
Bumanglag AV, Truckenbrod LM, Chun E, Hernandez AR, Federico QP, Maurer AP, Sloviter RS, Burke SN (2019) Featured Article: Targeted hippocampal GABA neuron ablation produces hippocampal sclerosis, epilepsy, and dissociable effects on the Morris water maze and object-place paired association tasks. Targeting Trends 20
Related Products: SSP-SAP (Cat. #IT-11)
Read the featured article in Targeting Trends.
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Saporin from Saponaria officinalis as a tool for experimental research, modeling, and therapy in neuroscience.
Bolshakov AP, Stepanichev MY, Dobryakova YV, Spivak, YS, Markevich, VA (2020) Saporin from Saponaria officinalis as a tool for experimental research, modeling, and therapy in neuroscience. Toxins (Basel) 12(9):546. doi: 10.3390/toxins12090546
Summary: A review of studies where saporin-based conjugates were used to analyze cell mechanisms of sleep, general anesthesia, epilepsy, pain, and development of Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases.
Related Products: Targeted Toxins
Exercise promotes recovery after motoneuron injury via hormonal mechanisms.
Chew C, Sengelaub DR (2020) Exercise promotes recovery after motoneuron injury via hormonal mechanisms. Neural Regen Res 15(8):1373-1376. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.274323
Objective: To describe how exercise is neuroprotective for motoneurons, accelerating axon regeneration following axotomy and attenuating dendritic atrophy following the death of neighboring motoneurons.
Summary: Exercise offers a simple, low barrier-to-entry behavioral intervention which is neuroprotective and pro-regenerative following neural injury.
Usage: Motoneurons innervating the left vastus medialis muscle were selectively killed by intramuscular injection of CTB-SAP (2 μL, 0.1%).
Related Products: CTB-SAP (Cat. #IT-14)
Superior mouse eosinophil depletion in vivo targeting transgenic Siglec-8 instead of endogenous Siglec-F: Mechanisms and pitfalls.
Knuplez E, Krier-Burris R, Cao Y, Marsche G, O’Sullivan J, Bochner BS (2020) Superior mouse eosinophil depletion in vivo targeting transgenic Siglec-8 instead of endogenous Siglec-F: Mechanisms and pitfalls. J Leukoc Biol 108:43-58. doi: 10.1002/jlb.3hi0120-381r
Objective: To determine if targeting Siglec-8 with mouse IgG1 antibodies, rather than targeting Siglec-F with rat IgG antibodies, in mice transgenic for Siglec-8, will prove to be a more effective strategy for eliminating mouse eosinophils in vivo.
Summary: This study is the first to describe a novel mouse strain of Siglec-8+F− eosinophils—a useful tool for studying human Siglec biology in preclinical models.
Usage: Siglec-8+F− mouse eosinophils were pretreated with 10 μg/mL saporin-conjugated isotype controls (mouse IgG1 or rat IgG2), anti-Siglec-8 (2C4) or anti-Siglec-F (9C7) antibodies for 24 h.
Related Products: Custom Conjugates
Integration of peripheral and central systems in control of ingestive and reproductive behavior
Schneider J (2020) Integration of peripheral and central systems in control of ingestive and reproductive behavior. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Neuroscience . Oxford University Press doi: 10.1093/acrefore/9780190264086.013.23
Summary: Highly glucose-sensitive cells in the ventrolateral medulla send catecholaminergic projections to the PVH. These projections can be selectively destroyed by Anti-DBH-SAP “DSAP” experiments show that catecholaminergic projections from glucose-sensitive cells in the ventrolateral medulla are necessary for all responses to glucoprivation, including increases in epinephrine secretion, glucocorticoid secretion, sex behavior, and food intake.
Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03)
Exaggerated postnatal surge of orexin and the effects of elimination of excess orexin on blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats in postnatal development
Barnett S, Dong R, Briggs L, Moushey A, Li A (2020) Exaggerated postnatal surge of orexin and the effects of elimination of excess orexin on blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats in postnatal development. bioRxiv 2020.06.17.158279. doi: 10.1101/2020.06.17.158279
Related Products: Orexin-B-SAP (Cat. #IT-20)
Identification of multiple targets in the fight against Alzheimer’s disease
Giannoni P, Fossati S, Claeysen S, Marcello E, eds (2020) Identification of multiple targets in the fight against Alzheimer’s disease. Front Aging Neurosci 12:169. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00169
Summary: A collection of 20 articles that depict a broad representation of the most impactful advances in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) comprehension and therapeutic openings.
Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01), mu p75-SAP (Cat. #IT-16)
Central circuit mechanisms of itch.
Chen XJ, Sun YG (2020) Central circuit mechanisms of itch. Nat Commun 11:3052. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-16859-5
Summary: The authors summarize the progress in elucidating the neural circuit mechanism of itch at spinal and supraspinal levels.
Related Products: SSP-SAP (Cat. #IT-11)
GRP receptor and AMPA receptor cooperatively regulate itch-responsive neurons in the spinal dorsal horn.
Kiguchi N, Uta D, Ding H, Uchida H, Saika F, Matsuzaki S, Fukazawa Y, Abe M, Sakimura K, Ko MC, Kishioka S (2020) GRP receptor and AMPA receptor cooperatively regulate itch-responsive neurons in the spinal dorsal horn. Neuropharmacology 170:108025. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108025
Objective: To investigate the mechanisms for the activation of itch-responsive GRPR+ neurons in the spinal dorsal horn (SDH).
Summary: These findings demonstrate that GRP and glutamate cooperatively regulate GRPR+ AMPAR+ neurons in SDH, mediating itch sensation. GRP–GRPR and the glutamate–AMPAR system may play pivotal roles in the spinal transmission of itch in rodents and nonhuman primates.
Usage: Bombesin-SAP and Blank-SAP were administered i.t. (5 μg/5 μl).
Related Products: Bombesin-SAP (Cat. #IT-40), Blank-SAP (Cat. #IT-21)