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Mo1545 – Vagal nerve modulates the effects of esophageal acid on the periaqueductal gray functional connectivity in a rat model
Sanvanson P, Li Z, Ward BD, Shaker R (2018) Mo1545 – Vagal nerve modulates the effects of esophageal acid on the periaqueductal gray functional connectivity in a rat model. Gastroenterology 154:S-747-S-748. doi: 10.1016/S0016-5085(18)32596-4
Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03)
Mo1546 – Neonatal colon inflammation-induced increases in pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide expression in the parabrachial nucleus contributes to reduced meal consumption, to increased meal-induced aversive and anxiety-like behaviors in adult rats
Winston J (2018) Mo1546 – Neonatal colon inflammation-induced increases in pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide expression in the parabrachial nucleus contributes to reduced meal consumption, to increased meal-induced aversive and anxiety-like behaviors in adult rats. Gastroenterology 154:S-748. doi: 10.1016/S0016-5085(18)32597-6
Summary: Infusion of Anti-DBH-SAP into the dorsal vagal complex significantly increased meal volumes and increased open field activity compared to IgG-saporin treatment.
Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03)
Brainstem catecholaminergic neurones and breathing control during postnatal development in male and female rats.
Patrone LGA, Biancardi V, Marques DA, Bícego KC, Gargaglioni LH (2018) Brainstem catecholaminergic neurones and breathing control during postnatal development in male and female rats. J Physiol 596(15):3299-3325. doi: 10.1113/JP275731
Objective: To determine the role of the brainstem CA system in ventilatory control under normocapnic and hypercapnic conditions during different phases of development (P7-8, P14-15 and P20-21) in male and female Wistar rats.
Summary: Brainstem CA neurones produce a tonic inhibitory drive that affects breathing frequency in P7-8 rats and provide an inhibitory drive during hypercapnic conditions in both males and females at P7-8 and P14-15.
Usage: Anti-DBH-SAP (420 ng/μL – 1 μL for P0-1; 1.5 μL for P7-8; 2.0 μL for P13-14) was injected into the 4th ventricle of neonatal Wistar rats of both sexes. Control rats were injected with vehicle (PBS, 0.01 M, pH 7.4) or unconjugated saporin (Cat. #PR-01), with respective volumes for each age, as described for the Anti-DBH-SAP group. All injections were performed using a microinjector pump over a period of 5 min to allow drug diffusion.
Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03), Saporin (Cat. #PR-01)
Modelling the dopamine and noradrenergic cell loss that occurs in Parkinson’s disease and the impact on hippocampal neurogenesis.
Ermine CM, Wright JL, Frausin S, Kauhausen JA, Parish CL, Stanic D, Thompson LH (2018) Modelling the dopamine and noradrenergic cell loss that occurs in Parkinson’s disease and the impact on hippocampal neurogenesis. Hippocampus 28(5):327-337. doi: 10.1002/hipo.22835
Objective: The mechanisms underlying reduced neurogenesis in Parkinson’s Disease (PD) are not well established. The authors tested the hypothesis that noradrenergic and dopaminergic depletion, as occurs in PD, impairs hippocampal neurogenesis.
Summary: Mechanisms of neurotransmitter-based regulation of cognition and hippocampal neurogenesis may well overlap under certain conditions but the present results do not suggest a simple relationship associated with the degeneration of the two most prominently affected transmitter systems in PD.
Usage: Rats received 1 mcg Anti-DBH-SAP icv.
Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03)
Catecholaminergic projections into an interconnected forebrain network control the sensitivity of male rats to diet-induced obesity
Lee SJ, Jokiaho AJ, Sanchez-Watts G, Watts AG (2018) Catecholaminergic projections into an interconnected forebrain network control the sensitivity of male rats to diet-induced obesity. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 314(6):R811-R823. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00423.2017
Objective: To investigate the role of hindbrain catecholamine neuron pathways and their contribution to long-term energy homeostasis by controlling obesogenic sensitivity to a high-fat, high sucrose choice diet.
Summary: The authors show that catecholamine neurons (primarily in the VLM and NTS) convey essential feedback signals to enable long-term adaptive control of energy metabolism when animals consume a predominantly carbohydrate diet. This is the first report specifically associating this projection system with the long-term control of adiposity.
Usage: Catecholaminergic projections to the PVH and related parts of the forebrain were lesioned with bilateral injections each consisting of 42 ng/200 nL of Anti-DBH-SAP or equimolar amounts of control Mouse IgG-SAP.
Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03), Mouse IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-18)
Vagus nerve stimulation dependent enhancement of motor cortex plasticity requires noradrenergic innervation
Hulsey D, Shedd M, Mong J, Rennaker RL, Hays SA, Kilgard MP (2017) Vagus nerve stimulation dependent enhancement of motor cortex plasticity requires noradrenergic innervation. Neuroscience 2017 Abstracts 317.06 / HH5. Society for Neuroscience, Washington, DC.
Summary: Pairing forelimb movements with vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) drives robust plasticity within primary motor cortex (M1). VNS activates cholinergic circuits, which are required for VNS-depended enhancement of plasticity. However, there may be multiple neuromodulatory mechanisms required for VNS-dependent enhancement of plasticity. Norepinephrine regulates plasticity, and the noradrenergic locus coeruleus is driven vigorously by VNS. However, the role of norepinephrine in VNS-dependent enhancement of plasticity is unknown. We hypothesize that noradrenergic innervation of M1 and/or basal forebrain is necessary for M1 plasticity associated with VNS pairing. To test this, we trained rats on a skilled lever press task emphasizing use of the proximal forelimb. After demonstrating proficiency on the task, rats received M1 injections of vehicle or DBH-Saporin to selectively deplete norepinephrine in motor cortex, and underwent implantation of a stimulating cuff electrode on the vagus nerve. Sham and NE- lesioned rats resumed training one week after surgery. After returning to pre-surgical performance, both groups received 10 sessions of training with VNS paired on successful trials. Intracortical microstimulation was performed to derive M1 maps within 24 hours of the final training session. Initial data suggests that sham lesioned animals who receive VNS pairing with successful trials show a robust expansion of proximal forelimb movements represented in M1. Noradrenergic lesion of M1 blocks this VNS- dependent expansion of proximal forelimb representation, indicating that cortical norepinephrine innervation is necessary for VNS driven plasticity. Ongoing experiments will determine whether noradrenergic input to the central cholinergic systems is required for VNS-dependent enhancement of plasticity.
Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03)
Changes in the secretory activity of organs producing noradrenaline upon inhibition of its synthesis in neonatal rat brain
Murtazina AR, Dilmukhametova LK, Nikishina YO, Sapronova AY, Volina EV, Ugrumov MV (2017) Changes in the secretory activity of organs producing noradrenaline upon inhibition of its synthesis in neonatal rat brain. Russ J Dev Biol 48:295-300.. doi: 10.1134/S1062360417050058
Summary: This study demonstrates that synthesis of noradrenaline after destruction of noradrenergic neurons was switched off by stereotactically injecting Anti-DBH-SAP (0.5 μg/2 μL; Cat #IT-03) into the lateral brain ventricle of neonatal rats. Forty-eight hours after treatment, expression of the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) gene in the brain was 56% higher, 53% higher in the adrenal glands, and 55.8% higher in the organ of Zuckerkandl as compared to control (2 μL of 0.9% NaCl).
Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03)
Role of A5 noradrenergic neurons in the chemoreflex control of respiratory and sympathetic activities in unanesthetized conditions
Taxini CL, Moreira TS, Takakura AC, Bicego KC, Gargaglioni LH, Zoccal DB (2017) Role of A5 noradrenergic neurons in the chemoreflex control of respiratory and sympathetic activities in unanesthetized conditions. Neuroscience 354:146-157.. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.04.033
Summary: The authors utilize Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03) to investigate the involvement of the A5 noradrenergic neurons to the basal and chemoreflex control of the sympathetic and respiratory activities in unanesthetized conditions.
Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03)
Increased BDNF expression in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) abolishes hypotensive actions of nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) catecholaminergic neurons
Erdos B, Cruickshank NC, Einwag ZD, Schaich CL, Wellman TL (2017) Increased BDNF expression in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) abolishes hypotensive actions of nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) catecholaminergic neurons. FASEB J 31(S1):866.7. Experimental Biology 2017 Meeting Abstracts. doi: fasebj.31.1_supplement.866.7
Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03)
Depletion of rostral ventrolateral medullary catecholaminergic neurons impairs the hypoxic ventilatory response in conscious rats.
Malheiros-Lima M, Takakura A, Moreira T (2017) Depletion of rostral ventrolateral medullary catecholaminergic neurons impairs the hypoxic ventilatory response in conscious rats. Neuroscience 351:1-14.. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.03.031
Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03)