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An age- and sex-dependent role of catecholaminergic neurons in the control of breathing and hypoxic chemoreflex during postnatal development.
Patrone LGA, Capalbo AC, Marques DA, Bícego KC, Gargaglioni LH (2020) An age- and sex-dependent role of catecholaminergic neurons in the control of breathing and hypoxic chemoreflex during postnatal development. Brain Res 1726:146508. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146508
Objective: To discover the role of brainstem catecholaminergic (CA) neurons in the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR).
Summary: Brainstem CA neurons modulate the HVR during the postnatal phase, and possibly thermoregulation during hypoxia.
Usage: Evaluation of brainstem CA neurons in the HVR during postnatal development in male and female rats through specific cell depletion with Anti-DBH-SAP (420 ng/nL) injected in the fourth ventricle.
Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03)
BDNF downregulates β-adrenergic receptor-mediated hypotensive mechanisms in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus.
Thorsdottir D, Cruickshank NC, Einwag Z, Hennig GW, Erdos B (2019) BDNF downregulates β-adrenergic receptor-mediated hypotensive mechanisms in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 317(6):H1258-H1271. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00478.2019
Objective: To determine whether BDNF increases blood pressure in part by diminishing inhibitory hypotensive input from nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) catecholaminergic neurons projecting to the PVN.
Summary: BDNF, a key hypothalamic regulator of blood pressure, disrupts catecholaminergic signaling between the NTS and the PVN by reducing the responsiveness of PVN neurons to inhibitory hypotensive β-adrenergic input from the NTS.
Usage: Bilateral NTS injections of sterile PBS (for control) or Anti-DBH-SAP (22 ng).
Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03)
Rostral ventrolateral medullary catecholaminergic neurones mediate irregular breathing pattern in volume overload heart failure rats.
Toledo C, Andrade DC, Díaz HS, Pereyra KV, Schwarz KG, Díaz-Jara E, Oliveira LM, Takakura AC, Moreira TS, Schultz HD, Marcus NJ, Del Rio R (2019) Rostral ventrolateral medullary catecholaminergic neurones mediate irregular breathing pattern in volume overload heart failure rats. J Physiol 597(24):5799-5820. doi: 10.1113/JP278845
Objective: To investigate the potential contribution of RVLM‐C1 neurons to irregular breathing.
Summary: Findings suggest that RVLM‐C1 neurons play a pivotal role in breathing irregularities in volume overload HF, and mediate the sympathetic responses induced by acute central chemoreflex activation.
Usage: Anti-DBH-SAP was used to selectively lesion RVLM‐C1 neurons. Reduction (∼65%) of RVLM‐C1 neurons resulted in attenuation of irregular breathing, decreased apnea‐hypopnea incidence and improved cardiac autonomic control.
Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03)
Corticolimbic stress regulatory circuits, hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenocortical adaptation, and resilience
Herman JP (2020) Corticolimbic stress regulatory circuits, hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenocortical adaptation, and resilience. Chen A (Ed.): Stress Resilience 291-309. Academic Press doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-813983-7.00019-7
Summary: Review. Immunolesion of paraventricular nucleus (PVN)-projecting norepinephrine (NE) neurons with Anti-DBH-SAP attenuates acute stress reactivity (interestingly, to restraint), but it does not inhibit somatic or HPA axis responses to stress in any simple way (Flak et al.). PVN-projecting NE neurons appear to be responsible for acute responses to systemic stressors, but they do not appear to be important in mediating effects of chronic stress (Ritter et al.).
Usage: Flak et al. injected 8.82 ng of Anti-DBH-SAP into the PVN. Ritter et al. injected 42 ng into the PVN.
Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03)
See Also:
- Flak J et al. Role of paraventricular nucleus-projecting norepinephrine/epinephrine neurons in acute and chronic stress. Eur J Neurosci 39:1903-1911, 2014.
- Ritter S et al. Immunotoxin lesion of hypothalamically projecting norepinephrine and epinephrine neurons differentially affects circadian and stressor-stimulated corticosterone secretion. Endocrinology 144(4):1357-1367, 2003.
Astroglia in Alzheimer’s Disease.
Verkhratsky A, Parpura V, Rodriguez-Arellano J, Zorec R (2019) Astroglia in Alzheimer’s Disease. (eds. Verkhratsky A, Ho M, Zorec R, Parpura V). In: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology: Neuroglia in Neurodegenerative Diseases. 1175:273-324. Springer, Singapore. doi: 10.1007/978-981-13-9913-8_11
Summary: A review of the tools for creating animal models of Alzheimer’s Disease. 192-IgG-SAP binds selectively and irreversibly to low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor interrupting cholinergic neuronal protein synthesis was employed. Anti-DBH-SAP binds dopamine-β-hydroxylase, which is not only localized mainly in the cytosol, but also at the plasma membrane surface of noradrenergic neurons. Anti-DBH-SAP produced specific and dose-dependent depletions of locus coeruleus neurons, with no effects on other cholinergic, dopaminergic or serotonergic neuronal populations. The possibility to induce a partial or total noradrenergic loss (by varying the injected dose) makes this immunotoxic approach an ideal model to study events within the noradrenergic projection system, as they occur during age-related demise of locus coeruleus in humans.
Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01), Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03)
Central glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor signaling via brainstem catecholamine neurons counteracts hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Katsurada K, Nakata M, Saito T, Zhang B, Maejima Y, Nandi SS, Sharma NM, Patel KP, Kario K, Yada T (2019) Central glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor signaling via brainstem catecholamine neurons counteracts hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Sci Rep 9(1):12986. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-49364-x
Objective: To determine mechanisms for antihypertensive effect of GLP-1R agonists.
Summary: The central GLP-1R signaling via NTS DBH neurons counteracts the development of hypertension in SHR, accompanied by attenuated sympathetic nerve activity.
Usage: Anti-DBH-SAP or Blank-SAP was injected into NTS bilaterally (6 ng/200 nl).
Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03), Blank-SAP (Cat. #IT-21)
Hindbrain glucoregulatory mechanisms: Critical role of catecholamine neurons in the ventrolateral medulla.
Ritter S, Li A-J, Wang Q (2019) Hindbrain glucoregulatory mechanisms: Critical role of catecholamine neurons in the ventrolateral medulla. Physiol Behav 208:112568. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112568
Objective: To explore circuitry and potential glucose-sensing mechanisms that contribute to the functions of glucoregulatory catecholamine neurons in the ventrolateral medulla
Summary: Selective lesion of hindbrain catecholamine neurons abolishes glucoprivic elicitation of key counterregulatory responses. Selective chemogenetic activation of specific catecholamine populations elicits these responses.
Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03), NPY-SAP (Cat. #IT-28)
The role of the brain in the regulation of peripheral noradrenaline-producing organs in rats during morphogenesis.
Murtazina AR, Nikishina YO, Dil’mukhametova LK, Sapronova AY, Ugrumov MV (2019) The role of the brain in the regulation of peripheral noradrenaline-producing organs in rats during morphogenesis. Dokl Biochem Biophys 486(1):243-246. doi: 10.1134/S1607672919030207
Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03)
Morphological analysis for neuronal pathway from the hindbrain ependymocytes to the hypothalamic kisspeptin neurons.
Deura C, Minabe S, Ikegami K, Inoue N, Uenoyama Y, Maeda KI, Tsukamura H (2019) Morphological analysis for neuronal pathway from the hindbrain ependymocytes to the hypothalamic kisspeptin neurons. J Reprod Dev 65(2):129-137. doi: 10.1262/jrd.2018-122
Objective: To examine the existence of a neuronal pathway from the hindbrain ependymocytes to kisspeptin neurons in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) and anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV).
Summary: The hindbrain ependymocytes have neuronal connections with the kisspeptin neurons, most probably via hindbrain noradrenergic and CRH neurons to relay low energetic signals for regulation of reproduction.
Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03)
Noradrenergic depletion causes sex specific alterations in the endocannabinoid system in the Murine prefrontal cortex.
Urquhart MA, Ross JA, Reyes BAS, Nitikman M, Thomas SA, Mackie K, Van Bockstaele EJ (2019) Noradrenergic depletion causes sex specific alterations in the endocannabinoid system in the Murine prefrontal cortex. Neurobiology of Stress 10:100164. doi: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2019.100164
Objective: To determine the effects of NE depletion on the eCB system.
Summary: The results suggest that the endocannabinoids (eCB) system may be more responsive in males than females under conditions of NE perturbation, thus having potential implications for sex-specific treatment strategies of stress-related psychiatric disorders.
Usage: The authors used a DBH knockout model and DSP-4 (a compound that depletes endogenous norepinephrine and enhances release of [3H]norepinephrine). More specific mechanisms for further corroboration could be undertaken, such as using Anti-DBH-SAP to provide a more complete lesion compared to DSP-4.
Related Products: Anti-DBH-SAP (Cat. #IT-03)