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Involvement of cholinergic neuronal systems in intravenous cocaine self-administration.
Smith JE, Co C, Yin X, Sizemore GM, Liguori A, Johnson WE 3rd, Martin TJ (2004) Involvement of cholinergic neuronal systems in intravenous cocaine self-administration. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 27(8):841-850. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2003.11.002
Summary: Recent studies have demonstrated that cholinergic neurons take part in the process of cocaine self-administration. In this study the authors used 0.25 µg-injections of 192-Saporin (Cat. #IT-01) into the posterior nucleus accumbens (Nacc)-ventral pallidum (VP) region of rats to identify specific subsets of cholinergic neurons that are involved. The results indicate that cholinergic innervations of the VP, the medial septum/diagonal band of Broca, and the Nacc are inhibitory to the underlying processes of cocaine self-administration.
Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01)
Featured Article: Cholinergic deafferentation of the entorhinal cortex impairs working memory for novel, but not familiar stimuli in a delayed non-match to sample (DNMS) task
McGaughy J (2004) Featured Article: Cholinergic deafferentation of the entorhinal cortex impairs working memory for novel, but not familiar stimuli in a delayed non-match to sample (DNMS) task. Targeting Trends 5(1)
Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01)
Read the featured article in Targeting Trends.
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Septohippocampal acetylcholine: involved in but not necessary for learning and memory?
Parent MB, Baxter MG (2004) Septohippocampal acetylcholine: involved in but not necessary for learning and memory?. Learn Mem 11:9-20. doi: 10.1101/lm.69104
Summary: In this review the authors describe some of the methods and rationale behind the investigation of hippocampal acetylcholine and its role in the support of learning and memory processes. Results produced by the use of 192-Saporin (Cat. #IT-01) are discussed, as well as the differences that have been found between the effects of 192-Saporin and those of less specific lesioning agents.
Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01)
ATM protein overexpression in prostate tumors: possible role in telomere maintenance.
Angele S, Falconer A, Foster CS, Taniere P, Eeles RA, Hall J (2004) ATM protein overexpression in prostate tumors: possible role in telomere maintenance. Am J Clin Pathol 121(2):231-236. doi: 10.1309/JTKG-GGKU-RFX3-XMGT PMID: 14983937
Related Products: TRF1 Mouse Monoclonal (Cat. #AB-37)
Cytochrome oxidase activity in the monkey globus pallidus and subthalamic nucleus after ablation of striatal interneurons expressing substance P receptors.
Chiken S, Hatanaka N, Tokuno H (2003) Cytochrome oxidase activity in the monkey globus pallidus and subthalamic nucleus after ablation of striatal interneurons expressing substance P receptors. Neurosci Lett 353(2):103-106. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2003.09.026
Summary: 1-6 µl of 15-20 ng/µl SP-SAP (Cat. #IT-07) was injected into the forelimb representation of the putamen. Animals were examined for the loss of interneurons as well as regional metabolic changes. The results indicate that substance P receptor-expressing neurons do not modulate inhibitory influences on the GP.
Related Products: SP-SAP (Cat. #IT-07)
Testosterone manipulation protects motoneurons from dendritic atrophy after contralateral motoneuron depletion.
Fargo KN, Sengelaub DR (2004) Testosterone manipulation protects motoneurons from dendritic atrophy after contralateral motoneuron depletion. J Comp Neurol 469(1):96-106. doi: 10.1002/cne.10991
Summary: The authors wished to investigate the therapeutic effects of testosterone on motoneuron dendrites in nerve injury models. 1 µl of a 0.1% solution of CTB-SAP (Cat. #IT-14) solution was unilaterally injected into the ispilateral bulbocavernosus and levator ani muscles of rats, and the contralateral motoneuron morphology was examined. In castrated rats receiving testosterone, dendrites in the spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus grew after CTB-SAP treatment. This is a demonstration of the neuroprotective/neurotherapeutic role of testosterone in the nervous system.
Related Products: CTB-SAP (Cat. #IT-14)
Transfer effects and conditional learning in rats with selective lesions of medial septal/diagonal band cholinergic neurons.
Janisiewicz AM, Baxter MG (2003) Transfer effects and conditional learning in rats with selective lesions of medial septal/diagonal band cholinergic neurons. Behav Neurosci 117(6):1342-1352. doi: 10.1037/0735-7044.117.6.1342
Summary: Conditional learning appears to require cholinergic input to the hippocampus and cingulate cortex. Using a total of 0.5 µl of 0.12 µg/µl 192-Saporin (Cat. #IT-01) injected into the medial septal area of rats, the authors investigated the role of cholinergic input in conditional learning. The results suggest that cholinergic neurons of the medial septum/vertical limb of the diagonal band play a role in the transfer of behavioral experience rather than in conditional learning itself.
Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01)
Cholinergic modulation of visual attention and working memory: Dissociable effects of basal forebrain 192-IgG-saporin lesions and intraprefrontal infusions of scopolamine.
Chudasama Y, Dalley JW, Nathwani F, Bouger P, Robbins TW (2004) Cholinergic modulation of visual attention and working memory: Dissociable effects of basal forebrain 192-IgG-saporin lesions and intraprefrontal infusions of scopolamine. Learn Mem 11(1):78-86. doi: 10.1101/lm.70904
Summary: It is hypothesized that cortical cholinergic dysfunction underlies the cognitive impairments associated with dementia and normal aging. The authors examined the role of these neurons in both attentional and mnemonic functions, using either bilateral infusions of 125 ng of 192-Saporin (Cat. #IT-01) into the bregma of rats or infusions of scopolamine. The results suggest that attentional and working memory capacities can be tested separately during the same session. It is also indicated that the CBF system is a modulator of both attentional and mnemonic processing.
Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01)
Relationship between CSF hypocretin levels and hypocretin neuronal loss.
Gerashchenko D, Murillo-Rodriguez E, Lin L, Xu M, Hallett L, Nishino S, Mignot E, Shiromani PJ (2003) Relationship between CSF hypocretin levels and hypocretin neuronal loss. Exp Neurol 184(2):1010-1016. doi: 10.1016/S0014-4886(03)00388-1
Summary: Narcolepsy has recently been shown to be a neurodegenerative disease. Data from several different sources indicate that narcoleptics have very low levels of hypocretin (HCRT)-containing neurons. The authors sought to verify a direct linkage between HCRT-containing neurons and HCRT levels in the CSF. Rats were lesioned with 45-90 ng of orexin-SAP (Cat. #IT-20) bilaterally into the lateral hypothalamus. Loss of HCRT neurons correlated with decreased levels of HCRT in the CSF.
Related Products: Orexin-B-SAP (Cat. #IT-20)
Differential effects of cholinergic lesions on dendritic spines in frontal cortex of young adult and aging rats.
Harmon KM, Wellman CL (2003) Differential effects of cholinergic lesions on dendritic spines in frontal cortex of young adult and aging rats. Brain Res 992:60-68. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2003.08.029
Summary: The authors used 0.15 µg of 192-Saporin (Cat. #IT-01) injected into the nucleus basalis magnocellularis of rats to study whether dendritic spine density is altered by cholinergic deafferentation. While the spine density decreased in young rats, middle-aged and aged animals did not display a density significantly different than controls.
Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01)