2018 Targeting Trends Review

Palchaudhuri R, Hyzy SL, Proctor JL, Adams HL, Pearse BR, Sarma G, Aslanian S, Gillard G, Lamothe TL, Burenkova O, Brooks ML, Gabros AD, McDonagh CF, Boitano AE, Cooke MP (2018) Antibody drug conjugates targeted to CD45 or CD117 enable allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in animal models. Blood 132:3324. doi: 10.1182/blood-2018-99-119432

Objective: To further investigate and develop the utility of CD45-SAP and CD117-SAP, in combination with immunosuppression, in murine transplant models using i.v. administration in an allogeneic minor mismatch transplant model (Balb/c donor into DBA/2 recipients).

Summary: CD45-SAP or CD117-SAP in combination with immunosuppressants (30Fll and post-transplant Cytoxan) enabled >85% peripheral donor chimerism at 12 weeks post-transplantation. CD45-SAP and CD117-SAP were more effective at conditioning versus 2Gy TBI or pretransplant Cytoxan.

Usage: CD45-SAP (1.9 mg/kg, iv) and CD117-SAP (1mg/kg, iv) in an allogeneic minor mismatch transplant model (Balb/c donor into DBA/2 recipients).

Related Products: Streptavidin-ZAP (Cat. #IT-27)

Ostrin LA, Strang CE, Chang K, Jnawali A, Hung L-F, Arumugam B, Frishman LJ, Smith EL, Gamlin PD (2018) Immunotoxin-induced ablation of the intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells in rhesus monkeys. Front Neurol 9:1000. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2018.01000

Objective: To develop and validate a targeted ipRGC immunotoxin to ultimately examine the role of ipRGCs in macaque monkeys.

Summary: Findings demonstrated that Melanopsin-SAP was specific for ipRGCs, and induced a graded reduction in the PLR (pupillary light reflex), as well as in ipRGC-driven pupil response with concentration.

Usage: Solutions of 0.316, 1, 3.16, 10, and 50 μg delivered intravitreally.

Related Products: Melanopsin-SAP (Cat. #IT-44)

Bailey D, Catron M, Kovtun O, Macdonald R, Zhang Q, Rosenthal S (2018) Single quantum dot tracking reveals serotonin transporter diffusion dynamics are correlated with cholesterol-sensitive threonine 276 phosphorylation status in primary midbrain neurons. ACS Chem Neurosci 9:2534-2541. doi: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00214 PMID: 29787674

Objective: Visualizing SERT behavior at the single molecule level in endogenous systems remains a challenge. The authors utilize quantum dot (QD) single particle tracking (SPT) to capture SERT dynamics in primary rat midbrain neurons.

Summary: Results provide new insights into endogenous neuronal SERT mobility and its associations with membrane cholesterol and SERT phosphorylation status.

Usage: Live Cell QD Tracking – Cells were incubated with 5 μg/mL primary SERT antibody in warm fluorescent media at 37 °C and 5% CO2 for 6 min.

Related Products: SERT Mouse Monoclonal (Cat. #AB-N40)

Qiu M, Li J, Tan L, Zhang M, Zhou G, Zeng T, Li A (2018) Targeted ablation of distal cerebrospinal fluid-contacting nucleus alleviates renal fibrosis in chronic kidney disease. Front Physiol 9:1640. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01640

Objective: To test the hypothesis that distal cerebrospinal fluid-contacting nucleus (dCSF-CNs) might affect the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in kidney injury progression.

Summary: Less CTB-labeled neurons were found in dCSF-CNs of CTB-SAP-treated rats. Meanwhile, CTB-SAP downregulated AGT, Ang II, AT1R, NOX2, catalase, MCP-1, IL-6, fibronectin, and collagen I, and upregulated ACE2 and Mas receptor. Targeted dCSF-CNs ablation could alleviate renal inflammation and fibrosis in chronic kidney injury.

Usage: CTB-SAP (500 ng) into the lateral ventricles over a 3-min period.

Related Products: CTB-SAP (Cat. #IT-14)

Shibata S, Hayashi R, Okubo T, Kudo Y, Katayama T, Ishikawa Y, Toga J, Yagi E, Honma Y, Quantock AJ, Sekiguchi K, Nishida K (2018) Selective laminin-directed differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into distinct ocular lineages. Cell Rep 25:1668-1679. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.10.032 PMID: 30404017

Usage: Immunostaining, flow cytometry

Related Products: NGFr (ME20.4, p75) Mouse Monoclonal (Cat. #AB-N07)

Ueda H, Neyama H, Nagai J, Matsushita Y, Tsukahara T, Tsukahara R (2018) Involvement of lysophosphatidic acid-induced astrocyte activation underlying the maintenance of partial sciatic nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain. Pain 159:2170-2178. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001316

Related Products: Mac-1-SAP mouse/human (Cat. #IT-06)

Zoccal DB, Silva JN, Barnett WH, Lemes EV, Falquetto B, Colombari E, Molkov YI, Moreira TS, Takakura AC (2018) Interaction between the retrotrapezoid nucleus and the parafacial respiratory group to regulate active expiration and sympathetic activity in rats. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 315(5):L891-L909. doi: 10.1152/ajplung.00011.2018

Objective: To investigate the microcircuitry responsible for the distribution of the excitatory signals to the the parafacial respiratory group (pFRG) and the the respiratory central pattern generator (rCPG) in conditions of high CO2.

Summary: The activation of the pFRG late-E neurons during hypercapnia require glutamatergic inputs from the RTN neurons that intrinsically detect changes in CO2/pH.

Usage: Bilateral injections of SSP-SAP (0.6 ng in 100 nL of saline per side).

Related Products: SSP-SAP (Cat. #IT-11)

Qian L, Milne MR, Shepheard S, Rogers ML, Medeiros R, Coulson EJ (2019) Removal of p75 neurotrophin receptor expression from cholinergic basal forebrain neurons reduces amyloid-β plaque deposition and cognitive impairment in aged APP/PS1 mice. Mol Neurobiol 56(7):4639-4652. doi: 10.1007/s12035-018-1404-2

Objective: To investigate the contribution of CBF neuronal p75NTR to the progression of Alzheimer’s Disease

Summary: Data indicate that a direct interaction between CBF-expressed p75NTR and Aβ does not contribute significantly to the regulation of Aβ load.

Usage: To lesion CBF neurons, a single infusion of mu p75-SAP or control Rabbit IgG-SAP (0.4 mg/ml) was stereotaxically-injected into the basal forebrain.

Related Products: mu p75-SAP (Cat. #IT-16), Rabbit IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-35)

Garrett AM, Khalil A, Walton DO, Burgess RW (2018) DSCAM promotes self-avoidance in the developing mouse retina by masking the functions of cadherin superfamily members. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 115:E10216-E10224. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1809430115

Summary: Focus on DSCAM (Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule 1) self-avoidance function in the mouse retina. DSCAM and members of the cadherin superfamily have also emerged as key contributors to a variety of neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism, schizophrenia, bipolar disease, Down syndrome and intellectual disability.

Related Products: Melanopsin-SAP (Cat. #IT-44)

Han W, Tellez LA, Perkins MH, Perez IO, Qu T, Ferreira J, Ferreira TL, Quinn D, Liu Z-W, Gao X-B, Kaelberer MM, Bohórquez DV, Shammah-Lagnado SJ, de Lartigue G, de Araujo IE (2018) A neural circuit for gut-induced reward. Cell 175:665-678. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.08.049

Objective: To determine relevant gut-brain neuronal circuitry to motivational and emotional states.

Summary: There is a critical role for the vagal gut-to-brain axis in motivation and reward.

Usage: Injected 0.5 µl of CCK-SAP (250 ng/µl) into the R-NG of VGlut2-ires-Cre mice.

Related Products: CCK-SAP (Cat. #IT-31)