References

Aparicio Prieto MV, Rodríguez Gallego MV, Valdivia Palacín A, Franco Iriarte Y, Hervás Barbara G, Echevarría Orella E, Casis Saenz L (2022) Local renin angiotensin system and sperm DNA fragmentation. Asian J Androl 24(2):139-146. doi: 10.4103/aja202150 PMID: 34494558

Objective: The renin angiotensin system (RAS) appears to influence male fertility at multiple levels. The relationship between the RAS and DNA integrity was analyzed.

Summary: Fragmented DNA spermatozoa have a lower capacity to respond to bioactive RAS peptides.

Usage: Immunocytochemistry

Related Products: Angiotensin II receptor (AT-2R) Rabbit Polyclonal, affinity-purified (Cat. #AB-N28AP)

Ramezani F, Salehian S, Hosseinzadeh S, Mahjour Z, Babajani T, Ghorbanian D, Feizi F, Pourbagher R (2022) Serotonin-1A receptor activation in the median raphe nucleus improves response learning-based strategy in 192IgG saporin-induced cognitive impairments. Eur J Pharmacol 918:174774. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174774 PMID: 35077674

Objective: Study the effects of median raphe nucleus serotonin-1A autoreceptors stimulation on rats.

Summary: Rats treated with 192-IgG-SAP were put into a Morris maze and studied for spatial cognition. Treated rats offered a proxy for cognitive impairment that directly mimics some features of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease. Results strongly suggest the involvement of the serotonergic system in spatial navigation.

Usage: Selective cholinergic denervation was achieved by intra-cerebroventricular administration of the 192-IgG-SAP (1.0 μl/each ventricle at the rate of 0.2 μl/min ) on male Wistar rats.

Related Products: 192-IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-01)

Ancheta LR, Shramm PA, Bouajram R, Higgins D, Lappi DA (2022) Saporin as a commercial reagent: its uses and unexpected impacts in the biological sciences-tools from the plant kingdom. Toxins (Basel) 14(3):184. doi: 10.3390/toxins14030184 PMID: 35324681

Summary: Saporin is a ribosome-inactivating protein that can cause inhibition of protein synthesis and causes cell death when delivered inside a cell. Development of commercial Saporin results in a technology termed ‘molecular surgery’, with Saporin as the scalpel. Its low toxicity (it has no efficient method of cell entry) and sturdy structure make Saporin a safe and simple molecule for many purposes. The most popular applications use experimental molecules that deliver Saporin via an add-on targeting molecule. These add-ons come in several forms: peptides, protein ligands, antibodies, even DNA fragments that mimic cell-binding ligands. Cells that do not express the targeted cell surface marker will not be affected. This review will highlight some newer efforts and discuss significant and unexpected impacts on science that molecular surgery has yielded over the last almost four decades. There are remarkable changes in fields such as the Neurosciences with models for Alzheimer’s Disease and epilepsy, and game-changing effects in the study of pain and itch. Many other uses are also discussed to record the wide-reaching impact of Saporin in research and drug development.

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Xu L, Füredi N, Lutter C, Geenen B, Pétervári E, Balaskó M, Dénes Á, Kovács KJ, Gaszner B, Kozicz T (2022) Leptin coordinates efferent sympathetic outflow to the white adipose tissue through the midbrain centrally-projecting Edinger-Westphal nucleus in male rats. Neuropharmacology 205:108898. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108898

Objective: To show that leptin bound to neurons of the Edinger-Westphal nucleus (EWcp) stimulated STAT3 phosphorylation and increases urocortin 1 (Ucn1)-production in a time-dependent manner.

Summary: EWcp/LepRb/Ucn1 neurons respond to leptin signaling as well as control white adipose tissue size and fat metabolism without altering food intake.

Usage: Ablation of EWcp leptin receptor (LepRb) positive neurons with leptin-saporin. Either unconjugated saporin (53 ng in 80 nl MQ, or Leptin-SAP (90 ng in 80 nl MQ, was injected into the rat midbrain.

Related Products: Leptin-SAP (Cat. #IT-47), Saporin (Cat. #PR-01)

Mitdank H, Tröger M, Sonntag A, Shirazi NA, Woith E, Fuchs H, Kobelt D, Walther W, Weng A (2022) Suicide nanoplasmids coding for ribosome-inactivating proteins. Eur J Pharm Sci 170:106107. doi: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.106107

Objective: To investigate the anti-proliferative activity of suicide-nanoplasmids.

Summary: In an in vivo neuroblastoma tumor model, treated mice showed a reduced tumor growth.

Usage: Design of a suicide nanoplasmid vector with saporin.

Related Products: Saporin (Cat. #PR-01)

Serapiglia V, Stephens CA, Joshi R, Aydin E, Oria M, Marotta M, Peiro JL, Varisco BM (2022) Fetal tracheal occlusion increases lung basal cells via increased yap signaling. Front Pediatr 9:780166. doi: 10.3389/fped.2021.780166 PMID: 35280447

Objective: To test if lung epithelial cell populations alter after tracheal occlusion (TO) with transcriptomic signatures implicating basal cells.

Summary: TO increases lung epithelial cell nuclear Yap, leading to basal cell expansion.

Usage: Immunohistochemistry (1:1000)

Related Products: NGFr (mu p75) Rabbit Polyclonal, affinity-purified (Cat. #AB-N01AP)

Cleverdon REG, Whitley KC, Marko DM, Hamstra SI, Braun JL, Roy BD, MacPherson REK, Fajardo VA (2021) Sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ handling in young DBA/2J vs C57BL/10 mdx models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. bioRxiv 2021.10.25.465805. doi: 10.1101/2021.10.25.465805

Objective: To investigate whether sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) function would differ in muscles from young D2 and C57 mdx mice.

Summary: The study demonstrates that SERCA function is drastically impaired in young D2 mdx mice.

Usage: Western blot

Related Products: NO-L-Cysteine Mouse Monoclonal, Conjugated (Cat. #AB-T125)

Lin HJ, Mahendran R, Huang HY, Chiu PL, Chang YM, Day CH, Chen RJ, Padma VV, Liang-Yo Y, Kuo WW, Huang CY (2021) Aqueous extract of Solanum nigrum attenuates Angiotensin-II induced cardiac hypertrophy and improves cardiac function by repressing protein kinase C-ζ to restore HSF2 deSUMOlyation and Mel-18-IGF-IIR signaling suppression. J Ethnopharmacol 8:114728. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114728 PMID: 34634367

Objective: To investigate the ability of Solanum nigrum to attenuate Angiotensin II – induced cardiac hypertrophy and improve cardiac function through the suppression of protein kinase PKC-ζ and Mel-18-IGF-IIR signaling leading to the restoration of HSF2 desumolyation.

Summary: The data reveals the cardioprotective effect of S. nigrum inhibiting PKC-ζ with alleviated IGF IIR level in the heart that profoundly remits cardiac hypertrophy for hypertension-induced heart failure.

Usage: Western Blot

Related Products: Angiotensin II receptor (AT-2R) Rabbit Polyclonal, affinity-purified (Cat. #AB-N28AP)

Amano M, Amiya N, Fukushima K, Hagio H, Yamamoto N, Sakakura Y (2022) Effects of crowding stress on the hypothalamo-pituitary-interrenal axis of the self-fertilizing fish, Kryptolebias marmoratus. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 264:111110. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.111110 PMID: 34737084

Objective: To test whether crowding stress affects the hypothalamo-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis of the self-fertilizing fish, Kryptolebias marmoratus.

Summary: The number of CRH-ir cell bodies and cortisol levels were significantly higher in paired fish. The results indicate that crowding stress affects the HPI axis in K. marmoratus which thrive in small burrows with limited water volume.

Usage: Immunohistochemistry (1:2000)

Related Products: Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Rabbit Polyclonal (Cat. #AB-02)

Ujvári B, Pytel B, Márton Z, Bognár M, Kovács LÁ, Farkas J, Gaszner T, Berta G, Kecskés A, Kormos V, Farkas B, Füredi N, Gaszner B (2022) Neurodegeneration in the centrally-projecting Edinger-Westphal nucleus contributes to the non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease in the rat. J Neuroinflammation 19(1):31. doi: 10.1186/s12974-022-02399-w

Objective: To investigate whether neuron loss and alpha-synuclein accumulation in the urocortin 1 containing (UCN1) cells of the centrally-projecting Edinger-Westphal (EWcp) nucleus is associated with anxiety and depression-like state in the rat.

Summary: Neurodegeneration of urocortinergic EWcp contributes to the mood-related non-motor symptoms in toxic models of Parkinson’s disease in the rat.

Usage: Leptin-SAP or unconjugated Saporin (0.08 μl) was injected into the EWcp area. This selective ablation of UCN1 neurons was used to validate the depression-like phenotype in rats. Behavioral, functional–morphological, biochemical and histopathological tools were used to test the motor coordination, mood status as well as morphological changes in the brain.

Related Products: Saporin (Cat. #PR-01), Leptin-SAP (Cat. #IT-47)