- We are continuing to highlight our ZAP antibody internalization kits and our line of secondary antibody saporin conjugates.
- ZAP conjugates allow you to screen targeting agents in a quick and cost-efficient way, looking for specificity, functional binding, internalization, and EC50 determination.
- We also highlighted a publication that did a great job in showcasing how they can be used to screen antibodies for the best candidate, and then proceed with having us perform a custom conjugation of that antibody directly to saporin.
- Here is information about the chemistry and why we offer conjugates that use whole, bivalent, IgG as well as monovalent Fab IgG.
- Our first release of ZAP conjugates utilized whole-molecule IgG, bivalent secondary antibodies that recognized both heavy and light chains of primary antibodies. In theory though, this presented a possible limitation if the bivalent nature of an antibody suggested that cross-linking could occur on the cell surface and contribute to a phenomenon known as ‘cap formation’. The ‘cap’ could potentially induce some level of endocytosis that would lead to cytotoxicity and produce a false positive for internalization of a primary antibody.
- We designed new secondary conjugates (given the moniker Fab-ZAP) which used monovalent antibodies that would continue to recognize whole IgG, but lacked components that would contribute to capping.
- We now offer 3 main categories: (1) Conjugates made with bivalent antibodies that recognize whole IgG, (2) conjugates made with monovalent antibodies that recognize whole IgG, and (3) conjugates made with monovalent antibodies that recognize only the Fc region of IgG.
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