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Inflammatory macrophages in the sciatic nerves facilitate neuropathic pain associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Saika F, Kiguchi N, Matsuzaki S, Kobayashi D, Kishioka S (2019) Inflammatory macrophages in the sciatic nerves facilitate neuropathic pain associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 368(3):535-544. doi: 10.1124/jpet.118.252668
Objective: To determine whether inflammatory macrophages contribute to neuropathic pain associated with type 2 diabetes-mellitus (T2DM).
Summary: Inhibitory agents for macrophage-driven neuroinflammation could be potential candidates for novel pharmacotherapy against intractable neuropathic pain.
Usage: Injections of Mac-1-SAP or unconjugated Saporin (10 μl) were administered 3 times every 2 days. Perineural administration of Mac-1-SAP improved high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mechanical allodynia and the accumulation of F4/80+ macrophages and the upregulation of inflammatory mediators in the SCN after HFD-feeding.
Related Products: Mac-1-SAP mouse/human (Cat. #IT-06), Saporin (Cat. #PR-01)
Involvement of lysophosphatidic acid-induced astrocyte activation underlying the maintenance of partial sciatic nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain
Ueda H, Neyama H, Nagai J, Matsushita Y, Tsukahara T, Tsukahara R (2018) Involvement of lysophosphatidic acid-induced astrocyte activation underlying the maintenance of partial sciatic nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain. Pain 159:2170-2178. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001316
Related Products: Mac-1-SAP mouse/human (Cat. #IT-06)
Reduced microglial activity and enhanced glutamate transmission in the basolateral amygdala in early CNS autoimmunity
Acharjee S, Verbeek M, Gomez CD, Bisht K, Lee B, Benoit L, Sharkey KA, Benediktsson A, Tremblay M-E, Pittman QJ (2018) Reduced microglial activity and enhanced glutamate transmission in the basolateral amygdala in early CNS autoimmunity. J Neurosci 38:9019-9033. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0398-18.2018
Objective: To identify CNS changes associated with behaviors in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients.
Summary: The data from this study reveal increased synaptic activity and spine density in early stages of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (an animal model of MS) in the basolateral amygdala.
Usage: Mac-1-SAP mouse/human or Rat-IgG-SAP (control) was injected unilaterally in the BLA (1 ug/1 ul).
Related Products: Mac-1-SAP mouse/human (Cat. #IT-06), Rat IgG-SAP (Cat. #IT-17)
The critical role of IL-10 in the antineuroinflammatory and antioxidative effects of Rheum tanguticum on activated microglia
Meng J, Ni J, Wu Z, Jiang M, Zhu A, Qing H, Nakanishi H (2018) The critical role of IL-10 in the antineuroinflammatory and antioxidative effects of Rheum tanguticum on activated microglia. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2018:12. doi: 10.1155/2018/1083596
Objective: To investigate anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects of a traditional Tibetan medicine (Rheum tanguticum; RT) on activated microglia.
Summary: RT may be useful for the pharmacological intervention against excessive inflammatory and oxidative responses associated with AD by inducing the production of IL-10 by microglia.
Usage: Mac-1-SAP (Cat. #IT-06, 1.3nM) was applied to hippocampal slice cultures 24 h prior to stimulation with chromogranin A or pancreastatin.
Related Products: Mac-1-SAP mouse/human (Cat. #IT-06)
Targeting macrophage and microglia activation with colony stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor is an effective strategy to treat injury-triggered neuropathic pain
Lee S, Shi XQ, Fan A, West B, Zhang J (2018) Targeting macrophage and microglia activation with colony stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor is an effective strategy to treat injury-triggered neuropathic pain. Mol Pain 14:1744806918764979. doi: 10.1177/1744806918764979
Summary: Depletion of spinal microglia with Mac-1-SAP was able to prevent and reverse neuropathic pain behavior.
Related Products: Mac-1-SAP mouse/human (Cat. #IT-06)
Site-specific regulation of P2X7 receptor function in microglia gates morphine analgesic tolerance.
Leduc-Pessah H, Weilinger N, Fan C, Burma N, Thompson R, Trang T (2017) Site-specific regulation of P2X7 receptor function in microglia gates morphine analgesic tolerance. J Neurosci 37:10154-10172.. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0852-17.2017
Summary: By selectively ablating microglia in the spinal cord using a Mac-1-SAP the authors demonstrate a causal role for microglia in the development, but not maintenance, of morphine tolerance in male rats.
Usage: Mac-1-SAP or unconjugated Saporin control (15 μg) was administered by intrathecal injection.
Related Products: Mac-1-SAP mouse/human (Cat. #IT-06), Saporin (Cat. #PR-01)
T-cell mediation of pregnancy analgesia affecting chronic pain in mice.
Rosen S, Ham B, Drouin S, Boachie N, Chabot-Dore A, Austin J, Diatchenko L, Mogil J (2017) T-cell mediation of pregnancy analgesia affecting chronic pain in mice. J Neurosci 37:9819-9827.. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2053-17.2017
Related Products: Mac-1-SAP mouse/human (Cat. #IT-06)
Spinal microglia are required for long-term maintenance of neuropathic pain
Echeverry S, Shi XQ, Yang M, Huang H, Wu Y, Lorenzo L-E, Perez-Sanchez J, Bonin RP, De Koninck Y, Zhang J (2017) Spinal microglia are required for long-term maintenance of neuropathic pain. Pain 158:1792-1801.. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000982
Summary: Selective depletion of spinal microglia in male rats with the targeted immunotoxin Mac-1-SAP and blockade of brain derived neurotrophic factor–TrkB signalling with intrathecal TrkB Fc chimera, but not cytokine inhibition, almost completely reversed pain hypersensitivity. To selectively deplete microglia in the spinal cord, Mac-1-SAP was injected intrathecally. In each group, rats received either an intrathecal injection of 12 mg/7 mL of Mac-1-SAP (n = 6-8) or equal volume of 0.9% saline (n 5 6) or the inactive unconjugated toxin, Saporin (n = 6).)
Related Products: Mac-1-SAP mouse/human (Cat. #IT-06), Saporin (Cat. #PR-01)
Dynamics of spinal microglia repopulation following an acute depletion.
Yao Y, Echeverry S, Shi X, Yang M, Yang Q, Wang G, Chambon J, Wu Y, Fu K, De Koninck Y, Zhang J (2016) Dynamics of spinal microglia repopulation following an acute depletion. Sci Rep 6:22839. doi: 10.1038/srep22839
Summary: This study confirms that similar to microglia in the brain, spinal microglia can repopulate rapidly following elimination, which is driven essentially by a self-renewal process. To deplete microglia in spinal cords, Mac-1-SAP (Cat. #IT-06) was injected i.t. (7 μl, 1.6 μg/μl) at the level of L4-L5 in mouse. The results support the concept that microglia repopulation, whether in the brain or in the spinal cord, is the consequence of onsite resident microglia proliferation. Newly generated microglia are fully functional and are able to respond to peripheral nerve injury and contribute to the development of neuropathic pain.
Related Products: Mac-1-SAP mouse/human (Cat. #IT-06)
Macrophages are needed in the progression of tuberculosis into lung cancer.
Li J, Pan Y, Zhang B, Chen Q (2015) Macrophages are needed in the progression of tuberculosis into lung cancer. Tumour Biol 36:6063-6066. doi: 10.1007/s13277-015-3283-8
Summary: Approximately 30% of lung carcinomas also have tuberculosis lesions. The authors investigated the potential link between inflammatory processes and cancer in the lung. Mice with established tuberculosis infections received weekly 20 μg tail vein injections of Mac-1-SAP (Cat. #IT-06) in order to eliminate macrophages. Six months later the mice receiving Mac-1-SAP had a significantly lower incidence of lung carcinoma than control animals.
Related Products: Mac-1-SAP mouse/human (Cat. #IT-06)