Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a common human pathogen, with most individuals exposed during childhood. It is primarily known for causing cold sores and genital lesions, but can also lead to more severe conditions such as stromal keratitis, neonatal disseminated disease, and adult encephalitis. Once acquired, HSV-1 establishes lifelong latency in the host’s nerve cells, remaining dormant even in the absence of symptoms.
